Psalms 19:4 · JPS 1917
There is no speech, there are no words, neither is their voice heard.
Who acts: speech, words · What happens: be, hear · To what, where: voice
This is Psalms 19:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (speech, words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 is | expl |
| 2 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 4 speech | det |
| 4 | speech | speech | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 is | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 are | punct |
| 6 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 7 are | expl |
| 7 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 is | parataxis |
| 8 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 9 words | det |
| 9 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 are | nsubj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 heard | punct |
| 11 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 15 heard | cc |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 heard | aux:pass |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 voice | nmod:poss |
| 14 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 heard | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 is | parataxis |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 is | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | present | no speech | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | does | present | no words | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | hear | present · passive | words's voice | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
אֵֽין־אֹ֭מֶר וְאֵ֣ין דְּבָרִ֑ים בְּ֝לִ֗י נִשְׁמָ֥ע קוֹלָֽם׃
Psalms 19:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:PSA:267 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.267/