Psalms 19:4 תְּהִלִּים
Who acts: speech, words · What happens: be, hear · To what, where: voice
This is Psalms 19:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — speech, words — and what happens in the verse to voice, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
אֵֽין־אֹ֭מֶר וְאֵ֣ין דְּבָרִ֑ים בְּ֝לִ֗י נִשְׁמָ֥ע קוֹלָֽם׃
There is no speech, there are no words, neither is their voice heard.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | אֵֽין־ | אַיִן | ADV | _ | root | root | there [is] not |
| 2 | אֹ֭מֶר | אֹמֶר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 1 אֵֽין־ | nsubj | speech |
| 3 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 4 אֵ֣ין | cc | and |
| 4 | אֵ֣ין | אַיִן | ADV | _ | 1 אֵֽין־ | conj | there [are] not |
| 5 | דְּבָרִ֑ים | דָּבָר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 4 אֵ֣ין | nsubj | words |
| 6 | בְּ֝לִ֗י | בְּלִי | ADV | _ | 7 נִשְׁמָ֥ע | advmod | not |
| 7 | נִשְׁמָ֥ע | שָׁמַע | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing | 1 אֵֽין־ | parataxis | [is] heard |
| 8 | קוֹל | קוֹל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 7 נִשְׁמָ֥ע | nsubj | voice |
| 9 | ָֽם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 קוֹל | nmod:poss | their |
| 10 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 9 ָֽם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| נִשְׁמָע [is] heard | participle active · niphal | קוֹל voice |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
לֵית מֵימַר דְתוּרְעַמְתָּא וְלֵית מִלֵי דְשִׁגוּשָׁא דְלָא מִשְׁתְּמַע קָלְהוֹן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:241.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.19.4/