Psalms 53:2 · JPS 1917
The fool hath said in his heart: 'There is no God'; they have dealt corruptly, and have done abominable iniquity; there is none that doeth good.
Who acts: fool, God, they, none · What happens: say, be, deal, do · To what, where: heart, abominable iniquity, good · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Psalms 53:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fool, God, they, none), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 fool | det |
| 2 | fool | fool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 3 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | aux |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 heart | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 heart | nmod:poss |
| 7 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | obl |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 God | punct |
| 9 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 11 is | punct |
| 10 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 11 is | expl |
| 11 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | ccomp |
| 12 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 13 God | det |
| 13 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 is | nsubj |
| 14 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 11 is | punct |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 dealt | punct |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 dealt | nsubj |
| 17 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 dealt | aux |
| 18 | dealt | deal | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 said | parataxis |
| 19 | corruptly | corruptly | ADV | _ | 18 dealt | advmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 done | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 done | cc |
| 22 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 done | aux |
| 23 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 18 dealt | conj |
| 24 | abominable | abominable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 iniquity | amod |
| 25 | iniquity | iniquity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 done | obj |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 is | punct |
| 27 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 28 is | expl |
| 28 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | parataxis |
| 29 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 28 is | nsubj |
| 30 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 doeth | nsubj |
| 31 | doeth | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 none | acl:relcl |
| 32 | good | good | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 doeth | obj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed polarity=neg, voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present · perfect | the fool | fool's heart | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | be | present | no God | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | deal | present · perfect | they | corruptly property | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | do | present · perfect | they not said here | abominable iniquity | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent iniquity=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | be | present | none | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | do | present | good | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent good=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
אָ֘מַ֤ר נָבָ֣ל בְּ֭לִבּוֹ אֵ֣ין אֱלֹהִ֑ים הִֽ֝שְׁחִ֗יתוּ וְהִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ עָ֝֗וֶל אֵ֣ין עֹֽשֵׂה־טֽוֹב׃
Psalms 53:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:PSA:876 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.876/