Psalms 53:2 תְּהִלִּים
Who acts: fool, God, they, none · What happens: say, be, deal, do · To what, where: heart, abominable iniquity, good · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Psalms 53:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fool, God, they, none — and what happens in the verse to heart, abominable iniquity, good, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
אָ֘מַ֤ר נָבָ֣ל בְּ֭לִבּוֹ אֵ֣ין אֱלֹהִ֑ים הִֽ֝שְׁחִ֗יתוּ וְהִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ עָ֝֗וֶל אֵ֣ין עֹֽשֵׂה־טֽוֹב׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | אָ֘מַ֤ר | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he says |
| 2 | נָבָ֣ל | נָבָל | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 1 אָ֘מַ֤ר | nsubj | a fool |
| 3 | בְּ֭ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 4 לִבּ | case | in |
| 4 | לִבּ | לֵב | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 1 אָ֘מַ֤ר | obl | heart |
| 5 | וֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 לִבּ | nmod:poss | his |
| 6 | אֵ֣ין | אַיִן | ADV | _ | 1 אָ֘מַ֤ר | ccomp | there [is] not |
| 7 | אֱלֹהִ֑ים | אֱלֹהִים | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 6 אֵ֣ין | nsubj | a god |
| 8 | הִֽ֝שְׁחִ֗יתוּ | שָׁחַת | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3 | 1 אָ֘מַ֤ר | ccomp | they behave corruptly |
| 9 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 10 הִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ | cc | and |
| 10 | הִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ | תַּעָב | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3 | 8 הִֽ֝שְׁחִ֗יתוּ | conj | they do abominably |
| 11 | עָ֝֗וֶל | עָוֶל | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 הִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ | obj | unrighteousness |
| 12 | אֵ֣ין | אַיִן | ADV | _ | 8 הִֽ֝שְׁחִ֗יתוּ | parataxis | there [is] not |
| 13 | עֹֽשֵׂה־ | עָשָׂה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 12 אֵ֣ין | nsubj | [one who] does |
| 14 | טֽוֹב | טוֹב | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 13 עֹֽשֵׂה־ | compound:smixut | (of) good |
| 15 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 14 טֽוֹב | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- yes
- the frame alone
- decl · assert · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| not אָמַר he says | qatal · qal | נָבָל a fool | אֵין there [is] not | ||
| not הִֽשְׁחִיתוּ they behave corruptly | qatal · hiphil | נָבָל a fool | |||
| הִֽתְעִיבוּ they do abominably | qatal · hiphil | עָוֶל unrighteousness | נָבָל a fool | ||
| עֹֽשֵׂה־ [one who] does | participle active · qal | טֽוֹב (of) good |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
אֲמַר נָבָל בְּלִבֵּיהּ לֵית אֱלָהָא פְּרַע מִינֵיהּ מְטוּל הֵיכְנָא חַבִּילוּ רַשִׁיעַיָא אוּרְחַתְהוֹן רְחִיקוּ מִן טָבָא דְאִשְׁתְּכַח בְּהוֹן עִלָא לֵית דְעָבֵיד טָב:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:813.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.53.2/