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home / corpora / Tanakh / Nevi'im / 1 Kings / chapter 18 / 18:44

1 Kings 18:44 מְלָכִים א

Who acts: sea, Elijah, cloud, rain · What happens: come, pass, say, arise, go up, make · To what, where: sea, chariot, thee · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Kings 18:44 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — sea, Elijah, cloud, rain — and what happens in the verse to sea, chariot, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַֽיְהִי֙ בַּשְּׁבִעִ֔ית וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּה־עָ֛ב קְטַנָּ֥ה כְּכַף־אִ֖ישׁ עֹלָ֣ה מִיָּ֑ם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר עֲלֵ֨ה אֱמֹ֤ר אֶל־אַחְאָב֙ אֱסֹ֣ר וָרֵ֔ד וְלֹ֥א יַעַצָרְכָ֖ה הַגָּֽשֶׁם׃

And it came to pass at the seventh time, that he said: 'Behold, there ariseth a cloud out of the sea, as small as a man's hand.' And he said: 'Go up, say unto Ahab: Make ready thy chariot, and get thee down, that the rain stop thee not.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

cccasedetoblccconjdiscoursensubjamodcasenmodcompound:smixutccompcaseoblccconjccompparataxiscaseoblccompccconjccadvmodconjobjdetnsubjpunctrootוַֽCCONJandיְהִיVERBit wasבַּADPatהDETthe seventhשְּׁבִעִיתNUM[time]וַCCONJandיֹּאמֶרVERBhe saidהִנֵּה־INTJthere!עָבNOUNa cloudקְטַנָּהADJsmallכְּADPlike [the]כַף־NOUNpalmאִישׁNOUNof a personעֹלָהVERB[is] coming upמִADPfrom [the]יָּםNOUNseaוַCCONJandיֹּאמֶרVERBhe saidעֲלֵהVERBgo upאֱמֹרVERBsayאֶל־ADPtoאַחְאָבPROPNAhabאֱסֹרVERBharnessוָCCONJandרֵדVERBgo downוְCCONJandלֹאADVnotיַעַצָרVERBitְכָהPRONwill hold you backהַDETtheגָּֽשֶׁםNOUNrain׃PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelationgloss
1וַֽוְCCONJ_2 יְהִי֙ccand
2יְהִי֙הָיָהVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3rootrootit was
3בַּבְּADP_5 שְּׁבִעִ֔יתcaseat
4ההַDETPronType=Art5 שְּׁבִעִ֔יתdetthe seventh
5שְּׁבִעִ֔יתשְׁבִיעִיNUMGender=Fem Number=Sing2 יְהִי֙obl[time]
6וַוְCCONJ_7 יֹּ֗אמֶרccand
7יֹּ֗אמֶראָמַרVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=32 יְהִי֙conjhe said
8הִנֵּה־הִנֵּהINTJ_14 עֹלָ֣הdiscoursethere!
9עָ֛בעָבNOUNNumber=Sing14 עֹלָ֣הnsubja cloud
10קְטַנָּ֥הקָטָןADJGender=Fem Number=Sing9 עָ֛בamodsmall
11כְּכְּADP_12 כַף־caselike [the]
12כַף־כַּףNOUNGender=Fem Number=Sing10 קְטַנָּ֥הnmodpalm
13אִ֖ישׁאִישׁNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing12 כַף־compound:smixutof a person
14עֹלָ֣העָלָהVERBGender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing7 יֹּ֗אמֶרccomp[is] coming up
15מִמִןADP_16 יָּ֑םcasefrom [the]
16יָּ֑םיָםNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing14 עֹלָ֣הoblsea
17וַוְCCONJ_18 יֹּ֗אמֶרccand
18יֹּ֗אמֶראָמַרVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=32 יְהִי֙conjhe said
19עֲלֵ֨העָלָהVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=218 יֹּ֗אמֶרccompgo up
20אֱמֹ֤ראָמַרVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=219 עֲלֵ֨הparataxissay
21אֶל־אֶלADP_22 אַחְאָב֙caseto
22אַחְאָב֙אַחְאָבPROPN_20 אֱמֹ֤רoblAhab
23אֱסֹ֣ראָסַרVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=220 אֱמֹ֤רccompharness
24וָוְCCONJ_25 רֵ֔דccand
25רֵ֔דיָרַדVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=223 אֱסֹ֣רconjgo down
26וְוְCCONJ_28 יַעַצָרccand
27לֹ֥אלֹאADV_28 יַעַצָרadvmodnot
28יַעַצָרעָצַרVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=323 אֱסֹ֣רconjit
29ְכָ֖ההוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs28 יַעַצָרobjwill hold you back
30הַהַDETPronType=Art31 גָּֽשֶׁםdetthe
31גָּֽשֶׁםגֶּשֶׁםNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing28 יַעַצָרnsubjrain
32׃׃PUNCT_31 גָּֽשֶׁםpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
character
speech
a frame and its quote
negation
yes
the frame alone
decl · narrate · none
verbform · stemwho (A0)what, whom (A1)to whom, further (A2)who makes it happen (AA)
יֹּאמֶר he saidwayyiqtol · qal
עֹלָה [is] coming upparticiple active · qalעָב a cloud
יֹּאמֶר he saidwayyiqtol · qal
עֲלֵה go upimperative · qal
אֱמֹר sayimperative · qal
אֱסֹר harnessimperative · qalאַחְאָב Ahab
רֵד go downimperative · qalאַחְאָב Ahab
not יַעַצָר ityiqtol · qalגָּֽשֶׁם rainְכָה will hold you back

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲוָה בְּזִמְנָא שְׁבִיעֵיתָא וַאֲמַר הָא עֲנָנָא סְלִיק זְעֵירָא כְּפִיסַת יַד גְבַר סָלֵיק מִמְעַרְבָא וַאֲמַר סַק אֱמַר לְאַחְאָב אִזְדָרַז וְחוּת וְלָא יְעַכְּבִינָךְ מַטְרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

  1. And it came to pass at the seventh time, that he said: 'Behold, there ariseth a cloud out of the sea, as small as a man's hand.' And he said: 'Go up, say unto Ahab: Make ready thy chariot, and get thee down, that the rain stop thee not.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1KI:667.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.44/