1 Kings 21:13 מְלָכִים א

Who acts: two men, base fellows, Naboth, men · What happens: come in, sit, bear, say, curse, carry · To what, where: witness, presence, God, Naboth, city · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Kings 21:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — two men, base fellows, Naboth, men — and what happens in the verse to witness, presence, God, Naboth, city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַ֠יָּבֹאוּ שְׁנֵ֨י הָאֲנָשִׁ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־בְלִיַּעַל֮ וַיֵּשְׁב֣וּ נֶגְדּוֹ֒ וַיְעִדֻהוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י הַבְּלִיַּ֜עַל אֶת־נָב֗וֹת נֶ֤גֶד הָעָם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר בֵּרַ֥ךְ נָב֛וֹת אֱלֹהִ֖ים וָמֶ֑לֶךְ וַיֹּצִאֻ֙הוּ֙ מִח֣וּץ לָעִ֔יר וַיִּסְקְלֻ֥הוּ בָאֲבָנִ֖ים וַיָּמֹֽת׃

And the two men, the base fellows, came in and sat before him; and the base fellows bore witness against him, even against Naboth, in the presence of the people, saying: 'Naboth did curse God and the king.' Then they carried him forth out of the city, and stoned him with stones, that he died.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ֠	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָּבֹאוּ	cc	and
2	יָּבֹאוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they came
3	שְׁנֵ֨י	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	5 אֲנָשִׁ֥ים	nummod	the two
4	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 אֲנָשִׁ֥ים	det	the
5	אֲנָשִׁ֥ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יָּבֹאוּ	nsubj	men
6	בְּנֵֽי־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 אֲנָשִׁ֥ים	appos	sons
7	בְלִיַּעַל֮	בְּלִיַּעַל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 בְּנֵֽי־	compound:smixut	of worthlessness
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יֵּשְׁב֣וּ	cc	and
9	יֵּשְׁב֣וּ	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יָּבֹאוּ	conj	they sat
10	נֶגְדּ	נֶגֶד	NOUN	_	9 יֵּשְׁב֣וּ	obl	before
11	וֹ֒	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 נֶגְדּ	nmod:poss	him
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יְעִדֻ	cc	and
13	יְעִדֻ	עוּד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יָּבֹאוּ	conj	they
14	הוּ֩	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 יְעִדֻ	obj	testified against him
15	אַנְשֵׁ֨י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 יְעִדֻ	nsubj	the men
16	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 בְּלִיַּ֜עַל	det	of (the)
17	בְּלִיַּ֜עַל	בְּלִיַּעַל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 אַנְשֵׁ֨י	compound:smixut	worthlessness
18	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	19 נָב֗וֹת	case	(et)
19	נָב֗וֹת	נָבוֹת	PROPN	_	14 הוּ֩	appos	Naboth
20	נֶ֤גֶד	נֶגֶד	NOUN	_	13 יְעִדֻ	obl	before
21	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 עָם֙	det	the
22	עָם֙	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 נֶ֤גֶד	compound:smixut	people
23	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	25 בֵּרַ֥ךְ	mark	(cmp)
24	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	23 לֵ	fixed
25	בֵּרַ֥ךְ	בָּרַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	13 יְעִדֻ	advcl	he has blessed
26	נָב֛וֹת	נָבוֹת	PROPN	_	25 בֵּרַ֥ךְ	nsubj	Naboth
27	אֱלֹהִ֖ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	25 בֵּרַ֥ךְ	obj	God
28	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 מֶ֑לֶךְ	cc	and [the]
29	מֶ֑לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 אֱלֹהִ֖ים	conj	king
30	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 יֹּצִאֻ֙	cc	and
31	יֹּצִאֻ֙	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יָּבֹאוּ	conj	they
32	הוּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 יֹּצִאֻ֙	obj	took him out
33	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	34 ח֣וּץ	case	from [the]
34	ח֣וּץ	חוּץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	31 יֹּצִאֻ֙	obl	outside
35	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	37 עִ֔יר	case	of
36	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	37 עִ֔יר	det	the
37	עִ֔יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	34 ח֣וּץ	nmod	city
38	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	39 יִּסְקְלֻ֥	cc	and
39	יִּסְקְלֻ֥	סָקַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יָּבֹאוּ	conj	they
40	הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	39 יִּסְקְלֻ֥	obj	stoned him
41	בָ	בְּ	ADP	_	43 אֲבָנִ֖ים	case	with
42	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	43 אֲבָנִ֖ים	det	(the)
43	אֲבָנִ֖ים	אֶבֶן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	39 יִּסְקְלֻ֥	obl	stones
44	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	45 יָּמֹֽת	cc	and
45	יָּמֹֽת	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּבֹאוּ	conj	he died
46	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	45 יָּמֹֽת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יָּבֹאוּ they came	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
יֵּשְׁבוּ they sat	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
יְעִדֻ they	wayyiqtol · hiphil	הוּ testified against him		אַנְשֵׁי the men
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	אַנְשֵׁי the men
בֵּרַךְ he has blessed	qatal · piel	נָבוֹת Naboth	אֱלֹהִים God + מֶלֶךְ king
יֹּצִאֻ they	wayyiqtol · hiphil	הוּ took him out		עָם people
יִּסְקְלֻ they	wayyiqtol · qal	עָם people	הוּ stoned him
יָּמֹֽת he died	wayyiqtol · qal	נָבוֹת Naboth

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲתוֹ תְּרֵין גַבְרִין בְּנֵי רִשְׁעָא וִיתִיבוּ לְקִבְלֵיהּ וְאַסְהִידוּ גַבְרֵי רִשְׁעָא יַת נָבוֹת קֳדָם עַמָא לְמֵימַר גַדִיף נָבוֹת קֳדָם יְיָ וּמַלְכָּא לָט וְאַפְקוֹהִי מִבָּרָא לְקַרְתָּא וְרַגְמוֹהִי בְּאַבְנַיָא וּמִית:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the two men, the base fellows, came in and sat before him; and the base fellows bore witness against him, even against Naboth, in the presence of the people, saying: 'Naboth did curse God and the king.' Then they carried him forth out of the city, and stoned him with stones, that he died.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1KI:746.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.13/