1 Kings 21:27 מְלָכִים א

Who acts: child, Ahab · What happens: come, pass, hear, rent, put, fast · To what, where: words, clothes, sackcloth, flesh

This is 1 Kings 21:27 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — child, Ahab — and what happens in the verse to words, clothes, sackcloth, flesh, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִי֩ כִשְׁמֹ֨עַ אַחְאָ֜ב אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֤ים הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ וַיִּקְרַ֣ע בְּגָדָ֔יו וַיָּֽשֶׂם־שַׂ֥ק עַל־בְּשָׂר֖וֹ וַיָּצ֑וֹם וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣ב בַּשָּׂ֔ק וַיְהַלֵּ֖ךְ אַֽט׃ס

And it came to pass, when Ahab heard those words, that he rent his clothes, and put sackcloth upon his flesh, and fasted, and lay in sackcloth, and went softy.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִי֩	cc	and
2	יְהִי֩	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	כִ	כְּ	ADP	_	4 שְׁמֹ֨עַ	case	just
4	שְׁמֹ֨עַ	שָׁמַע	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	2 יְהִי֩	advcl	as heard
5	אַחְאָ֜ב	אַחְאָב	PROPN	_	4 שְׁמֹ֨עַ	nsubj	Ahab
6	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	8 דְּבָרִ֤ים	case	(et)
7	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 דְּבָרִ֤ים	det	the
8	דְּבָרִ֤ים	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	4 שְׁמֹ֨עַ	obj	words
9	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 אֵ֙לֶּה֙	det	(the)
10	אֵ֙לֶּה֙	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	8 דְּבָרִ֤ים	det	these
11	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 יִּקְרַ֣ע	cc	and
12	יִּקְרַ֣ע	קָרַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִי֩	conj	he tore
13	בְּגָדָ֔י	בֶּגֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 יִּקְרַ֣ע	obj	clothes
14	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 בְּגָדָ֔י	nmod:poss	his
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יָּֽשֶׂם־	cc	and
16	יָּֽשֶׂם־	שׂים	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִי֩	conj	he put
17	שַׂ֥ק	שַׂק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יָּֽשֶׂם־	obj	sackcloth
18	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	19 בְּשָׂר	case	on
19	בְּשָׂר	בָּשָׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יָּֽשֶׂם־	obl	body
20	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 בְּשָׂר	nmod:poss	his
21	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 יָּצ֑וֹם	cc	and
22	יָּצ֑וֹם	צוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִי֩	conj	he fasted
23	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יִּשְׁכַּ֣ב	cc	and
24	יִּשְׁכַּ֣ב	שָׁכַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִי֩	conj	he lay down
25	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	27 שָּׂ֔ק	case	in
26	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 שָּׂ֔ק	det	the
27	שָּׂ֔ק	שַׂק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 יִּשְׁכַּ֣ב	obl	sackcloth
28	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 יְהַלֵּ֖ךְ	cc	and
29	יְהַלֵּ֖ךְ	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִי֩	conj	he went about
30	אַֽט	אַט	ADV	_	29 יְהַלֵּ֖ךְ	advmod	gentleness
31	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	30 אַֽט	punct
32	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	30 אַֽט	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שְׁמֹעַ as heard	infinitive construct · qal	אַחְאָב Ahab	דְּבָרִים words
יִּקְרַע he tore	wayyiqtol · qal	אַחְאָב Ahab	בְּגָדָי clothes
יָּֽשֶׂם־ he put	wayyiqtol · qal	אַחְאָב Ahab	שַׂק sackcloth
יָּצוֹם he fasted	wayyiqtol · qal	אַחְאָב Ahab
יִּשְׁכַּב he lay down	wayyiqtol · qal	אַחְאָב Ahab
יְהַלֵּךְ he went about	wayyiqtol · piel	אַחְאָב Ahab

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲוַה כַד שְׁמַע אַחְאָב יַת פִּתְגָמַיָא הָאִלֵין וּבְזַע יַת לְבוּשׁוֹהִי וַאֲסַר סַקָא עַל בִּסְרֵיהּ וְצָם וּשְׁכִיב בְּסַקָא וְהַלִיךְ יָחֵיף:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass, when Ahab heard those words, that he rent his clothes, and put sackcloth upon his flesh, and fasted, and lay in sackcloth, and went softy.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1KI:760.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.27/