1 Samuel 10:23 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: tribes, LORD · What happens: run, fetch, stand, be · To what, where: LORD, shoulders

This is 1 Samuel 10:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — tribes, LORD — and what happens in the verse to LORD, shoulders, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיָּרֻ֙צוּ֙ וַיִּקָּחֻ֣הוּ מִשָּׁ֔ם וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֖ב בְּת֣וֹךְ הָעָ֑ם וַיִּגְבַּהּ֙ מִכָּל־הָעָ֔ם מִשִּׁכְמ֖וֹ וָמָֽעְלָה׃

And they ran and fetched him thence; and when he stood among the people, he was higher than any of the people from his shoulders and upward.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָּרֻ֙צוּ֙	cc	and
2	יָּרֻ֙צוּ֙	רוּץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they ran
3	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 יִּקָּחֻ֣	cc	and
4	יִּקָּחֻ֣	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יָּרֻ֙צוּ֙	conj	they
5	הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 יִּקָּחֻ֣	obj	took him
6	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	7 שָּׁ֔ם	case	from
7	שָּׁ֔ם	שָׁם	ADV	_	4 יִּקָּחֻ֣	obl	there
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יִּתְיַצֵּ֖ב	cc	and
9	יִּתְיַצֵּ֖ב	יָצַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּרֻ֙צוּ֙	conj	he presented himself
10	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 ת֣וֹךְ	case	among
11	ת֣וֹךְ	תָּוֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 יִּתְיַצֵּ֖ב	obl
12	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 עָ֑ם	det	the
13	עָ֑ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 ת֣וֹךְ	compound:smixut	people
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יִּגְבַּהּ֙	cc	and
15	יִּגְבַּהּ֙	גָּבַהּ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּרֻ֙צוּ֙	conj	he was tall
16	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	17 כָּל־	case	more
17	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יִּגְבַּהּ֙	obl	than all
18	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 עָ֔ם	det	the
19	עָ֔ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 כָּל־	compound:smixut	people
20	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	21 שִּׁכְמ	case	from
21	שִּׁכְמ	שְׁכֶם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יִּגְבַּהּ֙	obl	shoulder
22	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 שִּׁכְמ	nmod:poss	his
23	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 מָֽעְל	cc	and
24	מָֽעְל	מַעַל	ADV	_	21 שִּׁכְמ	conj	upward
25	ָה	ה	X	_	24 מָֽעְל	nmod	upwards
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
יָּרֻצוּ they ran	wayyiqtol · qal
יִּקָּחֻ they	wayyiqtol · qal	הוּ took him
יִּתְיַצֵּב he presented himself	wayyiqtol · hithpael
יִּגְבַּהּ he was tall	wayyiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּרְהָטוּ וְדַבְּרוֹהִי מִתַּמָן וְאִתְעֲתַּד בְּגוֹ עַמָא וְרָם מִכָּל עַמָא מִכַּתְפֵיהּ וּלְעֵלָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And they ran and fetched him thence; and when he stood among the people, he was higher than any of the people from his shoulders and upward.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:228.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.10.23/