1 Samuel 14:37 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Saul, I, Thou · What happens: ask, go down, deliver, not answer · To what, where: counsel, Philistines, hand, God · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 14:37 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, I, Thou — and what happens in the verse to counsel, Philistines, hand, God, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁאַ֤ל שָׁאוּל֙ בֵּֽאלֹהִ֔ים הַֽאֵרֵד֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים הֲתִתְּנֵ֖ם בְּיַ֣ד יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹ֥א עָנָ֖הוּ בַּיּ֥וֹם הַהֽוּא׃

And Saul asked counsel of God: 'Shall I go down after the Philistines? wilt Thou deliver them into the hand of Israel?' But He answered him not that day.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁאַ֤ל	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁאַ֤ל	שָׁאַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he enquired
3	שָׁאוּל֙	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁאַ֤ל	nsubj	Saul
4	בֵּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	5 אלֹהִ֔ים	case	by
5	אלֹהִ֔ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּשְׁאַ֤ל	obl	God
6	הַֽ	הֲ	PART	_	7 אֵרֵד֙	advmod	will
7	אֵרֵד֙	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יִּשְׁאַ֤ל	ccomp	I go down?
8	אַחֲרֵ֣י	אַחַר	ADP	_	9 פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים	case	after
9	פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 אֵרֵד֙	obl	[the] Philistines
10	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	11 תִתְּנ	advmod	will
11	תִתְּנ	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	7 אֵרֵד֙	parataxis	you
12	ֵ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 תִתְּנ	obj	give them?
13	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 יַ֣ד	case	in
14	יַ֣ד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 תִתְּנ	obl	the hand
15	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	14 יַ֣ד	compound:smixut	of Israel
16	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 עָנ	cc	and
17	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	18 עָנ	advmod	not
18	עָנ	עָנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 אֵרֵד֙	conj	he
19	ָ֖הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 עָנ	obj	answered him
20	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	22 יּ֥וֹם	case	on
21	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 יּ֥וֹם	det	the
22	יּ֥וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 עָנ	obl	day
23	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 הֽוּא	det	(the)
24	הֽוּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 יּ֥וֹם	det	that
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 הֽוּא	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּשְׁאַל he enquired	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul
אֵרֵד I go down?	yiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul
תִתְּנ you	yiqtol · qal	אלֹהִים God	ֵם give them?
not עָנ he	qatal · qal	אלֹהִים God	ָהוּ answered him

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּשְׁאַל שָׁאוּל בְּמֵימְרָא דַייָ הַאֵיחוֹת בָּתַר פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי הֲתִמְסְרִינוּן בְּיַד יִשְׂרָאֵל וְלָא קַבֵּיל צְלוֹתֵיהּ בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Saul asked counsel of God: 'Shall I go down after the Philistines? wilt Thou deliver them into the hand of Israel?' But He answered him not that day.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:332.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.37/