1 Samuel 14:43 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Saul, thou, Jonathan, I, rod · What happens: say, tell, do, taste, be, die · To what, where: Jonathan, me, Saul, little honey, hand · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 14:43 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, thou, Jonathan, I, rod — and what happens in the verse to Jonathan, me, Saul, little honey, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר שָׁאוּל֙ אֶל־י֣וֹנָתָ֔ן הַגִּ֥ידָה לִּ֖י מֶ֣ה עָשִׂ֑יתָה וַיַּגֶּד־ל֣וֹ יוֹנָתָ֗ן וַיֹּאמֶר֩ טָעֹ֨ם טָעַ֜מְתִּי בִּקְצֵ֨ה הַמַּטֶּ֧ה אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָדִ֛י מְעַ֥ט דְּבַ֖שׁ הִנְנִ֥י אָמֽוּת׃

Then Saul said to Jonathan: 'Tell me what thou hast done.' And Jonathan told him, and said: 'I did certainly taste a little honey with the end of the rod that was in my hand; here am I: I will die.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	שָׁאוּל֙	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	nsubj	Saul
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 י֣וֹנָתָ֔ן	case	to
5	י֣וֹנָתָ֔ן	יוֹנָתָן	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	obl	Jonathan
6	הַגִּ֥יד	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	ccomp	tell
7	ָה	ה	X	_	6 הַגִּ֥יד	nmod
8	לּ	לְ	ADP	_	9 ִ֖י	case	to
9	ִ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 הַגִּ֥יד	obl	me
10	מֶ֣ה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	11 עָשִׂ֑יתָה	obj	what?
11	עָשִׂ֑יתָה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	6 הַגִּ֥יד	parataxis	have you done
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יַּגֶּד־	cc	and
13	יַּגֶּד־	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	conj	he told
14	ל	לְ	ADP	_	15 ֣וֹ	case	to
15	֣וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 יַּגֶּד־	obl	him
16	יוֹנָתָ֗ן	יוֹנָתָן	PROPN	_	13 יַּגֶּד־	nsubj	Jonathan
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יֹּאמֶר֩	cc	and
18	יֹּאמֶר֩	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	conj	he said
19	טָעֹ֨ם	טָעַם	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	20 טָעַ֜מְתִּי	obl:npmod	indeed (taste)
20	טָעַ֜מְתִּי	טָעַם	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	18 יֹּאמֶר֩	ccomp	I tasted
21	בִּ	בְּ	ADP	_	22 קְצֵ֨ה	case	with
22	קְצֵ֨ה	קָצֶה	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 טָעַ֜מְתִּי	obl	the end
23	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 מַּטֶּ֧ה	det	of
24	מַּטֶּ֧ה	מַטֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 קְצֵ֨ה	compound:smixut	the staff
25	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	27 יָד	mark	which
26	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	27 יָד	case	[was] in
27	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 מַּטֶּ֧ה	acl:relcl	hand
28	ִ֛י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	27 יָד	nmod:poss	my
29	מְעַ֥ט	מְעַט	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 טָעַ֜מְתִּי	obj	a little
30	דְּבַ֖שׁ	דְּבַשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 מְעַ֥ט	compound:smixut	of honey
31	הִנ	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	33 אָמֽוּת	nsubj	here
32	ְנִ֥י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	31 הִנ	nsubj	I
33	אָמֽוּת	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	20 טָעַ֜מְתִּי	parataxis	I will die
34	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	33 אָמֽוּת	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul
הַגִּיד tell	imperative · hiphil	יוֹנָתָן Jonathan
עָשִׂיתָה have you done	qatal · qal	יוֹנָתָן Jonathan	מֶה what?
יַּגֶּד־ he told	wayyiqtol · hiphil	יוֹנָתָן Jonathan
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יוֹנָתָן Jonathan
טָעַמְתִּי I tasted	qatal · qal	יוֹנָתָן Jonathan	דְּבַשׁ of honey
אָמֽוּת I will die	yiqtol · qal	ְנִי I

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר שָׁאוּל לְיוֹנָתָן חַוֵי לִי מֶה עֲבַדְתָּא וְחַוֵי לֵיהּ יוֹנָתָן וַאֲמַר מַטְעַם טְעֵימַת בְּרֵישׁ שׁוֹטִיתָא דְבִידִי זְעֵיר דוּבְשָׁא הָא אֲנָא חַיָב לְמִמָת:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then Saul said to Jonathan: 'Tell me what thou hast done.' And Jonathan told him, and said: 'I did certainly taste a little honey with the end of the rod that was in my hand; here am I: I will die.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:338.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.43/