1 Samuel 17:19 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Saul, vale · What happens: be, fight · To what, where: vale

This is 1 Samuel 17:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, vale — and what happens in the verse to vale, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְשָׁא֤וּל וְהֵ֙מָּה֙ וְכָל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בְּעֵ֖מֶק הָֽאֵלָ֑ה עֵ֖מֶק הָֽאֵלָ֑ה נִלְחָמִ֖ים עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃

now Saul, and they, and all the men of Israel, are in the vale of Elah, fighting with the Philistines.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 נִלְחָמִ֖ים	cc	and
2	שָׁא֤וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	14 נִלְחָמִ֖ים	nsubj	Saul
3	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 הֵ֙מָּה֙	cc	and
4	הֵ֙מָּה֙	הֵמָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 שָׁא֤וּל	conj	they
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 כָל־	cc	and
6	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 שָׁא֤וּל	conj	every
7	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 כָל־	compound:smixut	(the) man
8	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	7 אִ֣ישׁ	compound:smixut	of Israel
9	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 עֵ֖מֶק	case	[were] in
10	עֵ֖מֶק	עֵמֶק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 נִלְחָמִ֖ים	obl	the valley
11	הָֽאֵלָ֑ה	_	NOUN	_	10 עֵ֖מֶק	flat
12	עֵ֖מֶק	הַ	PROPN	_	10 עֵ֖מֶק	nmod	of (the) Elah
13	הָֽאֵלָ֑ה	_	PROPN	_	12 עֵ֖מֶק	flat:name
14	נִלְחָמִ֖ים	לָחַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur	root	root	[they were] fighting
15	עִם־	עִם	ADP	_	16 פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים	case	with
16	פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 נִלְחָמִ֖ים	obl	[the] Philistines
17	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	16 פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
נִלְחָמִים [they were] fighting	participle active · niphal	שָׁאוּל Saul + הֵמָּה they + אִישׁ (the) man

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְשָׁאוּל וְאִינוּן וְכָל אֱנַשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּמֵישַׁר בּוּטְמָא מְגִיחִין קְרָבָא עִם פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

now Saul, and they, and all the men of Israel, are in the vale of Elah, fighting with the Philistines.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:424.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.19/