1 Samuel 17:34 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, servant, lion · What happens: say, keep, come, take · To what, where: sheep, lamb · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 17:34 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, servant, lion — and what happens in the verse to sheep, lamb, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל רֹעֶ֨ה הָיָ֧ה עַבְדְּךָ֛ לְאָבִ֖יו בַּצֹּ֑אן וּבָ֤א הָֽאֲרִי֙ וְאֶת־הַדּ֔וֹב וְנָשָׂ֥א שֶׂ֖ה מֵהָעֵֽדֶר׃

And David said unto Saul: 'Thy servant kept his father's sheep; and when there came a lion, or a bear, and took a lamb out of the flock,

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	דָּוִד֙	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	nsubj	David
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 שָׁא֔וּל	case	to
5	שָׁא֔וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	obl	Saul
6	רֹעֶ֨ה	רָעָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	ccomp	a shepherd
7	הָיָ֧ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 רֹעֶ֨ה	cop	he has been
8	עַבְדּ	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 רֹעֶ֨ה	nsubj	servant
9	ְךָ֛	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 עַבְדּ	nmod:poss	your
10	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	11 אָבִ֖י	case	for
11	אָבִ֖י	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 רֹעֶ֨ה	obl	father
12	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 אָבִ֖י	nmod:poss	his
13	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	15 צֹּ֑אן	case	among
14	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 צֹּ֑אן	det	the
15	צֹּ֑אן	צֹאן	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 רֹעֶ֨ה	obl	flock
16	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 בָ֤א	cc	and
17	בָ֤א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 רֹעֶ֨ה	conj	it came
18	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 אֲרִי֙	det	the
19	אֲרִי֙	אֲרִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 בָ֤א	nsubj	lion
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 דּ֔וֹב	cc	and
21	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	23 דּ֔וֹב	case	with
22	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 דּ֔וֹב	det	the
23	דּ֔וֹב	דֹּב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 אֲרִי֙	conj	bear
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 נָשָׂ֥א	cc	and
25	נָשָׂ֥א	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 רֹעֶ֨ה	conj	it carried off
26	שֶׂ֖ה	שֶׂה	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 נָשָׂ֥א	obj	a sheep
27	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	29 עֵֽדֶר	case	from
28	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 עֵֽדֶר	det	the
29	עֵֽדֶר	עֵדֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 נָשָׂ֥א	obl	flock
30	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	29 עֵֽדֶר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
רֹעֶה a shepherd	participle active · qal	עַבְדּ servant
הָיָה he has been	qatal · qal	עַבְדּ servant
בָא it came	weqatal · qal	אֲרִי lion + דּוֹב bear
נָשָׂא it carried off	weqatal · qal	אֲרִי lion + דּוֹב bear	שֶׂה a sheep

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר דָוִד לְשָׁאוּל רַעֲיָא הֲוָה עַבְדָךְ לַאֲבוּהִי בַּעֲנָא וְאָתָא אַרְיָא וְאַף דוּבָּא וּנְסִיב אִמְרָא מֵעִדָרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And David said unto Saul: 'Thy servant kept his father's sheep; and when there came a lion, or a bear, and took a lamb out of the flock,

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:439.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.34/