1 Samuel 17:33 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Saul, Thou, David · What happens: say, not be, go, fight, be, man · To what, where: David, Philistine, youth · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 17:33 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, Thou, David — and what happens in the verse to David, Philistine, youth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד לֹ֤א תוּכַל֙ לָלֶ֙כֶת֙ אֶל־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֣י הַזֶּ֔ה לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם עִמּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־נַ֣עַר אַ֔תָּה וְה֛וּא אִ֥ישׁ מִלְחָמָ֖ה מִנְּעֻרָֽיו׃ס

And Saul said to David: 'Thou art not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him; for thou art but a youth, and he a man of war from his youth.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	שָׁא֜וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Saul
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 דָּוִ֗ד	case	to
5	דָּוִ֗ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	David
6	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	7 תוּכַל֙	advmod	not
7	תוּכַל֙	יָכֹל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	you will be able
8	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	9 לֶ֙כֶת֙	case	to
9	לֶ֙כֶת֙	הלך	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 תוּכַל֙	xcomp	go
10	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	12 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֣י	case	against
11	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֣י	det	the
12	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֣י	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 לֶ֙כֶת֙	obl	Philistine
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 זֶּ֔ה	det	(the)
14	זֶּ֔ה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	12 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֣י	det	this
15	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	16 הִלָּחֵ֖ם	case	to
16	הִלָּחֵ֖ם	לָחַם	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	9 לֶ֙כֶת֙	advcl	fight
17	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	18 ֑וֹ	case	with
18	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 הִלָּחֵ֖ם	obl	him
19	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	20 נַ֣עַר	mark	(dm)
20	נַ֣עַר	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 תוּכַל֙	advcl	[are] a youth
21	אַ֔תָּה	אַתָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	20 נַ֣עַר	nsubj	you
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 אִ֥ישׁ	cc	and
23	ה֛וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 אִ֥ישׁ	nsubj	he
24	אִ֥ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 תוּכַל֙	conj	[is] a man
25	מִלְחָמָ֖ה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	24 אִ֥ישׁ	compound:smixut	of war
26	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	27 נְּעֻרָֽי	case	since
27	נְּעֻרָֽי	נְעוּרִים	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 אִ֥ישׁ	obl	youth(s)
28	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 נְּעֻרָֽי	nmod:poss	his
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 ו	punct
30	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	28 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
indirect: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul
not תוּכַל you will be able	yiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
לֶכֶת go	infinitive construct · qal	דָּוִד David
הִלָּחֵם fight	infinitive construct · niphal	דָּוִד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר שָׁאוּל לְדָוִד לָא תִכּוּל לְמֵיזַל עִם פְּלִשְׁתָּאָה הָדֵין לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא עִמֵיהּ אֲרֵי יַנִיק אַתְּ וְהוּא גְבַר עָבִיד קְרָבִין מִיַנְקוּתֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Saul said to David: 'Thou art not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him; for thou art but a youth, and he a man of war from his youth.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:438.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.33/