1 Samuel 18:16 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Israel, David · What happens: love, go out, come in · To what, where: David

This is 1 Samuel 18:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Israel, David — and what happens in the verse to David, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וִיהוּדָ֔ה אֹהֵ֖ב אֶת־דָּוִ֑ד כִּֽי־ה֛וּא יוֹצֵ֥א וָבָ֖א לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃פ

But all Israel and Judah loved David; for he went out and came in before them.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 אֹהֵ֖ב	cc	and
2	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 אֹהֵ֖ב	nsubj	all
3	יִשְׂרָאֵל֙	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	2 כָל־	compound:smixut	Israel
4	וִ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יהוּדָ֔ה	cc	and
5	יהוּדָ֔ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	3 יִשְׂרָאֵל֙	conj	Judah
6	אֹהֵ֖ב	אָהֵב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	root	root	[was] loving
7	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	8 דָּוִ֑ד	case	(et)
8	דָּוִ֑ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	6 אֹהֵ֖ב	obj	David
9	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	11 יוֹצֵ֥א	mark	(dm)
10	ה֛וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 יוֹצֵ֥א	nsubj	he
11	יוֹצֵ֥א	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	6 אֹהֵ֖ב	advcl	[was] going out
12	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 בָ֖א	cc	and [was]
13	בָ֖א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	11 יוֹצֵ֥א	conj	coming
14	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	15 פְנֵי	case	before
15	פְנֵי	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 יוֹצֵ֥א	obl
16	הֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 פְנֵי	nmod:poss	them
17	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	16 הֶֽם	punct
18	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	16 הֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
אֹהֵב [was] loving	participle active · qal	יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel + יהוּדָה Judah	דָּוִד David
יוֹצֵא [was] going out	participle active · qal	הוּא he
בָא coming	participle active · qal	הוּא he

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל וִיהוּדָה רַחֲמִין יַת דָוִד אֲרֵי הוּא נָפֵק וְעָלֵיל בְּרֵישֵׁיהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

But all Israel and Judah loved David; for he went out and came in before them.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:479.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.16/