1 Samuel 18:17 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Saul, I, thou, hand, LORD · What happens: say, behold, give, be, fight, not let · To what, where: David, elder daughter, Merab, thee, battles, hand · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 18:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, I, thou, hand, LORD — and what happens in the verse to David, elder daughter, Merab, thee, battles, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד הִנֵּה֩ בִתִּ֨י הַגְּדוֹלָ֤ה מֵרַב֙ אֹתָהּ֙ אֶתֶּן־לְךָ֣ לְאִשָּׁ֔ה אַ֚ךְ הֱיֵה־לִּ֣י לְבֶן־חַ֔יִל וְהִלָּחֵ֖ם מִלְחֲמ֣וֹת יְהוָ֑ה וְשָׁא֣וּל אָמַ֗ר אַל־תְּהִ֤י יָדִי֙ בּ֔וֹ וּתְהִי־ב֖וֹ יַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ס

And Saul said to David: 'Behold my elder daughter Merab, her will I give thee to wife; only be thou valiant for me, and fight the LORD'S battles.' For Saul said: 'Let not my hand be upon him, but let the hand of the Philistines be upon him.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	שָׁא֜וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Saul
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 דָּוִ֗ד	case	to
5	דָּוִ֗ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	David
6	הִנֵּה֩	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	7 בִתּ	discourse	here!
7	בִתּ	בַּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	daughter
8	ִ֨י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 בִתּ	nmod:poss	my
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 גְּדוֹלָ֤ה	det	(the)
10	גְּדוֹלָ֤ה	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 בִתּ	amod	old
11	מֵרַב֙	מֵרָב	PROPN	_	7 בִתּ	appos	Merab
12	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	13 ָהּ֙	case
13	ָהּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 אֶתֶּן־	obj	her
14	אֶתֶּן־	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	7 בִתּ	parataxis	I will give
15	ל	לְ	ADP	_	16 ְךָ֣	case	to
16	ְךָ֣	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	14 אֶתֶּן־	obl	you
17	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	18 אִשָּׁ֔ה	case	to
18	אִשָּׁ֔ה	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	14 אֶתֶּן־	obl	a wife
19	אַ֚ךְ	אַךְ	ADV	_	24 בֶן־	advmod	only
20	הֱיֵה־	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	24 בֶן־	cop	become
21	לּ	לְ	ADP	_	22 ִ֣י	case	for
22	ִ֣י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	24 בֶן־	obl	me
23	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	24 בֶן־	case	(into) a
24	בֶן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 בִתּ	parataxis	son
25	חַ֔יִל	חַיִל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 בֶן־	compound:smixut	of strength
26	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 הִלָּחֵ֖ם	cc	and
27	הִלָּחֵ֖ם	לָחַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=2	7 בִתּ	conj	fight
28	מִלְחֲמ֣וֹת	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	27 הִלָּחֵ֖ם	obj	the battles
29	יְהוָ֑ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	28 מִלְחֲמ֣וֹת	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
30	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	32 אָמַ֗ר	cc	and
31	שָׁא֣וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	32 אָמַ֗ר	nsubj	Saul
32	אָמַ֗ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 בִתּ	conj	he said
33	אַל־	אַל	ADV	_	38 ֔וֹ	advmod	not
34	תְּהִ֤י	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	38 ֔וֹ	cop	let it be
35	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 ֔וֹ	nsubj	hand
36	ִי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	35 יָד	nmod:poss	my
37	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	38 ֔וֹ	case	on
38	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 אָמַ֗ר	ccomp	him
39	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	42 ֖וֹ	cc	and
40	תְהִי־	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	42 ֖וֹ	cop	let it be
41	ב	בְּ	ADP	_	42 ֖וֹ	case	on
42	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	38 ֔וֹ	conj	him
43	יַד־	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 ֖וֹ	nsubj	the hand
44	פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	43 יַד־	compound:smixut	of [the] Philistines
45	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	44 פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים	punct
46	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	44 פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul
אֶתֶּן־ I will give	yiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul	ָהּ her
הֱיֵה־ become	imperative · qal	דָּוִד David
הִלָּחֵם fight	imperative · niphal	דָּוִד David	מִלְחֲמוֹת the battles
אָמַר he said	qatal · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul
תְּהִי let it be	jussive · qal	יָד hand
תְהִי־ let it be	jussive · qal	יַד־ the hand

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר שָׁאוּל לְדָוִד הָא בְרַתִּי רַבְּתָא מֵרַב יָתָהּ אֶתֵּן לָךְ לְאִתּוּ בְּרַם הֱוֵי לִי לִגְבַר עָבֵיד קְרָבִי וְאַגַח קְרָבָא דְעַמֵיהּ דַייָ וְשָׁאוּל אֲמַר לָא תְהֵי יְדִי בֵּיהּ וְיִתְמְסַר בִּידָא דִפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Saul said to David: 'Behold my elder daughter Merab, her will I give thee to wife; only be thou valiant for me, and fight the LORD'S battles.' For Saul said: 'Let not my hand be upon him, but let the hand of the Philistines be upon him.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:480.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.17/