1 Samuel 2:23 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Eli, I · What happens: say, hear · To what, where: evil reports · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 2:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Eli, I — and what happens in the verse to evil reports, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ם לָ֥מָּה תַעֲשׂ֖וּן כַּדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה אֲשֶׁ֨ר אָנֹכִ֤י שֹׁמֵ֙עַ֙ אֶת־דִּבְרֵיכֶ֣ם רָעִ֔ים מֵאֵ֖ת כָּל־הָעָ֥ם אֵֽלֶּה׃

And he said unto them: 'Why do ye such things? for I hear evil reports concerning you from all this people.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	ל	לְ	ADP	_	4 ָהֶ֔ם	case	to
4	ָהֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	obl	them
5	לָ֥	לָמָה	ADP	_	6 מָּה	case
6	מָּה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	7 תַעֲשׂ֖וּ	obl	why?
7	תַעֲשׂ֖וּ	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	are
8	ן	נ	X	_	7 תַעֲשׂ֖וּ	nmod	you doing
9	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	11 דְּבָרִ֣ים	case	according
10	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 דְּבָרִ֣ים	det	to
11	דְּבָרִ֣ים	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 תַעֲשׂ֖וּ	obl	the things
12	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 אֵ֑לֶּה	det	(the)
13	אֵ֑לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	11 דְּבָרִ֣ים	det	these
14	אֲשֶׁ֨ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	16 שֹׁמֵ֙עַ֙	mark	that
15	אָנֹכִ֤י	אָנֹכִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 שֹׁמֵ֙עַ֙	nsubj	I
16	שֹׁמֵ֙עַ֙	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	11 דְּבָרִ֣ים	acl:relcl	[am] hearing
17	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	18 דִּבְרֵי	case	(et)
18	דִּבְרֵי	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 שֹׁמֵ֙עַ֙	obj	things
19	כֶ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	18 דִּבְרֵי	nmod:poss	your
20	רָעִ֔ים	רַע	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 דִּבְרֵי	amod	wicked
21	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	23 כָּל־	case	from
22	אֵ֖ת	אֵת	ADP	_	23 כָּל־	case	with
23	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 שֹׁמֵ֙עַ֙	obl	all
24	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	25 עָ֥ם	det	the
25	עָ֥ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 כָּל־	compound:smixut	people
26	אֵֽלֶּה	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	25 עָ֥ם	det	these
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 אֵֽלֶּה	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
indirect: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
תַעֲשׂוּ are	yiqtol · qal
שֹׁמֵעַ [am] hearing	participle active · qal	אָנֹכִי I	דִּבְרֵי things

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן לְמָא תַעְבְּדוּן כְּפִתְגָמַיָא הָאֵלִין דִי אֲנָא שְׁמַע יַת פִּתְגָמֵיכוֹן בִּישִׁין מִן כָּל עַמָא אִלֵין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And he said unto them: 'Why do ye such things? for I hear evil reports concerning you from all this people.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:50.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.2.23/