1 Samuel 2:4 שְׁמוּאֵל א
What happens: break, stumble, gird · To what, where: bows
This is 1 Samuel 2:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse to bows, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
קֶ֥שֶׁת גִּבֹּרִ֖ים חַתִּ֑ים וְנִכְשָׁלִ֖ים אָ֥זְרוּ חָֽיִל׃
The bows of the mighty men are broken, and they that stumbled are girded with strength.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | קֶ֥שֶׁת | קֶשֶׁת | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 3 חַתִּ֑ים | nsubj | [the] bow |
| 2 | גִּבֹּרִ֖ים | גִּבּוֹר | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 1 קֶ֥שֶׁת | compound:smixut | of warriors |
| 3 | חַתִּ֑ים | חַת | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | root | root | [are] shattered |
| 4 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 6 אָ֥זְרוּ | cc | and |
| 5 | נִכְשָׁלִ֖ים | כָּשַׁל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur | 6 אָ֥זְרוּ | nsubj | [those who] stumble |
| 6 | אָ֥זְרוּ | אָזַר | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 3 חַתִּ֑ים | conj | they gird on |
| 7 | חָֽיִל | חַיִל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 6 אָ֥זְרוּ | obj | strength |
| 8 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 7 חָֽיִל | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| אָזְרוּ they gird on | qatal · qal | נִכְשָׁלִים [those who] stumble | חָֽיִל strength |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
עַל מַלְכוּת מַקְדוֹן אִתְנַבִּיאַת וַאֲמַרַת קַשְׁתַּת דְגִבָּרֵי מִקְדוּנָאֵי יִתַּבְּרִין וּדְבֵית חַשְׁמוֹנָאֵי דַהֲווֹ חַלָשִׁין יִתְעַבְּדָן לְהוֹן נִסִין וּגְבוּרָן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:31.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.2.4/