1 Samuel 2:9 שְׁמוּאֵל א
Who acts: LORD, man · What happens: keep, put, prevail · To what, where: feet, wicked, darkness
This is 1 Samuel 2:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, man — and what happens in the verse to feet, wicked, darkness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
רַגְלֵ֤י חֲסִידָיו֙ יִשְׁמֹ֔ר וּרְשָׁעִ֖ים בַּחֹ֣שֶׁךְ יִדָּ֑מּוּ כִּֽי־לֹ֥א בְכֹ֖חַ יִגְבַּר־אִֽישׁ׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | רַגְלֵ֤י | רֶגֶל | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Dual | 4 יִשְׁמֹ֔ר | obj | the feet |
| 2 | חֲסִידָי | חָסִיד | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 1 רַגְלֵ֤י | compound:smixut | his faithful |
| 3 | ו֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 חֲסִידָי | nmod:poss | [people] |
| 4 | יִשְׁמֹ֔ר | שָׁמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he protects |
| 5 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 10 יִדָּ֑מּוּ | cc | and |
| 6 | רְשָׁעִ֖ים | רָשָׁע | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 10 יִדָּ֑מּוּ | nsubj | wicked [people] |
| 7 | בַּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 9 חֹ֣שֶׁךְ | case | in |
| 8 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 9 חֹ֣שֶׁךְ | det | the |
| 9 | חֹ֣שֶׁךְ | חֹשֶׁךְ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 10 יִדָּ֑מּוּ | obl | darkness |
| 10 | יִדָּ֑מּוּ | דָּמַם | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 4 יִשְׁמֹ֔ר | conj | they perish |
| 11 | כִּֽי־ | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 15 יִגְבַּר־ | mark | (dm) |
| 12 | לֹ֥א | לֹא | ADV | _ | 15 יִגְבַּר־ | advmod | not |
| 13 | בְ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 14 כֹ֖חַ | case | by |
| 14 | כֹ֖חַ | כֹּחַ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 15 יִגְבַּר־ | obl | strength |
| 15 | יִגְבַּר־ | גָּבַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 יִשְׁמֹ֔ר | advcl | he prevails |
| 16 | אִֽישׁ | אִישׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 15 יִגְבַּר־ | nsubj | anyone |
| 17 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 16 אִֽישׁ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יִשְׁמֹר he protects | yiqtol · qal | רַגְלֵי the feet | |||
| יִדָּמּוּ they perish | yiqtol · niphal | רְשָׁעִים wicked [people] | |||
| not יִגְבַּר־ he prevails | yiqtol · qal | אִֽישׁ anyone |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וּגְוִיַת עַבְדוֹהִי צַדִיקַיָא יִטַר מִגֵהִנָם וְרַשִׁיעַיָא בְגֵהִנָם בַּחֲשׁוֹכָא יִתְדְנוּן לְהוֹדָעָא אֲרֵי לָא מַן דְאִית בֵּיהּ חֵילָא זַכֵּי לְיוֹם דִינָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:36.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.2.9/