1 Samuel 20:36 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Jonathan, I, lad · What happens: say, run, find, shoot · To what, where: arrows, arrow · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 20:36 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jonathan, I, lad — and what happens in the verse to arrows, arrow, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְנַעֲר֔וֹ רֻ֗ץ מְצָ֥א נָא֙ אֶת־הַ֣חִצִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אָנֹכִ֖י מוֹרֶ֑ה הַנַּ֣עַר רָ֔ץ וְהֽוּא־יָרָ֥ה הַחֵ֖צִי לְהַעֲבִרֽוֹ׃

And he said unto his lad: 'Run, find now the arrows which I shoot.' And as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	4 נַעֲר	case	to
4	נַעֲר	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	obl	lad
5	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 נַעֲר	nmod:poss	his
6	רֻ֗ץ	רוּץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	run
7	מְצָ֥א	מָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	6 רֻ֗ץ	parataxis	find
8	נָא֙	נָא	INTJ	_	7 מְצָ֥א	discourse	please
9	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	11 חִצִּ֔ים	case	(et)
10	הַ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 חִצִּ֔ים	det	the
11	חִצִּ֔ים	חֵץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 מְצָ֥א	obj	arrows
12	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	14 מוֹרֶ֑ה	mark	which
13	אָנֹכִ֖י	אָנֹכִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 מוֹרֶ֑ה	nsubj	I
14	מוֹרֶ֑ה	יָרָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing	11 חִצִּ֔ים	acl:relcl	[am] about to shoot
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 נַּ֣עַר	det	the
16	נַּ֣עַר	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 רָ֔ץ	nsubj	lad
17	רָ֔ץ	רוּץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 רֻ֗ץ	parataxis	he ran
18	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יָרָ֥ה	cc	and
19	הֽוּא־	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 יָרָ֥ה	nsubj	he
20	יָרָ֥ה	יָרָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 רֻ֗ץ	conj	he shot
21	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 חֵ֖צִי	det	the
22	חֵ֖צִי	חֵצִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 יָרָ֥ה	obj	arrow
23	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	24 הַעֲבִר	case	to
24	הַעֲבִר	עָבַר	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	20 יָרָ֥ה	advcl	make [it]
25	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 הַעֲבִר	advmod	pass beyond him
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
רֻץ run	imperative · qal	נַעֲר lad
מְצָא find	imperative · qal	נַעֲר lad	חִצִּים arrows
מוֹרֶה [am] about to shoot	participle active · hiphil	חִצִּים arrows		אָנֹכִי I
רָץ he ran	qatal · qal	נַּעַר lad
יָרָה he shot	qatal · qal	הֽוּא־ he	חֵצִי arrow
הַעֲבִר make [it]	infinitive construct · hiphil	חֵצִי arrow

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר לְעוּלֵימֵיהּ רְהַט אַיְתָא כְעַן יַת גִירַיָא דַאֲנָא שְׁדִי וְעוּלֵמָא רְהַט וְהוּא שְׁדָא גִירָא לְאַעְבָּרוּתֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And he said unto his lad: 'Run, find now the arrows which I shoot.' And as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:553.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.36/