1 Samuel 21:15 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Achish, ye, man · What happens: say, see, be, bring · To what, where: man, Achish, me · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 21:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Achish, ye, man — and what happens in the verse to man, Achish, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אָכִ֖ישׁ אֶל־עֲבָדָ֑יו הִנֵּ֤ה תִרְאוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ מִשְׁתַּגֵּ֔עַ לָ֛מָּה תָּבִ֥יאוּ אֹת֖וֹ אֵלָֽי׃

Then said Achish unto his servants: 'Lo, when ye see a man that is mad, wherefore do ye bring him to me?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֥אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֥אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	אָכִ֖ישׁ	אָכִישׁ	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֥אמֶר	nsubj	Achish
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 עֲבָדָ֑י	case	to
5	עֲבָדָ֑י	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יֹּ֥אמֶר	obl	servants
6	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 עֲבָדָ֑י	nmod:poss	his
7	הִנֵּ֤ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	8 תִרְאוּ֙	discourse	there!
8	תִרְאוּ֙	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יֹּ֥אמֶר	ccomp	you see
9	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 מִשְׁתַּגֵּ֔עַ	nsubj	a man
10	מִשְׁתַּגֵּ֔עַ	שָׁגַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing	8 תִרְאוּ֙	ccomp	behaving like a madman
11	לָ֛	לָמָה	ADP	_	12 מָּה	case
12	מָּה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	13 תָּבִ֥יאוּ	obl	why?
13	תָּבִ֥יאוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	8 תִרְאוּ֙	parataxis	do you bring
14	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	15 ֖וֹ	case
15	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 תָּבִ֥יאוּ	obj	him
16	אֵל	אֶל	ADP	_	17 ָֽי	case	to
17	ָֽי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 תָּבִ֥יאוּ	obl	me
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 ָֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
indirect: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	אָכִישׁ Achish
תִרְאוּ you see	yiqtol · qal	עֲבָדָי servants	מִשְׁתַּגֵּעַ behaving like a madman
מִשְׁתַּגֵּעַ behaving like a madman	participle active · hithpael	אִישׁ a man
תָּבִיאוּ do you bring	yiqtol · hiphil	וֹ him		עֲבָדָי servants

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר אָכִישׁ לְעַבְדוֹהִי הָא כַד חֲזֵיתוּן דִגְבַר שָׁטֵי הוּא לְמָא אַיְתֵיתוּן יָתֵיהּ לְוָתִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then said Achish unto his servants: 'Lo, when ye see a man that is mad, wherefore do ye bring him to me?

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:574.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.15/