1 Samuel 21:9 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, I, business · What happens: say, bring, require · To what, where: sword, haste · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 21:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, I, business — and what happens in the verse to sword, haste, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ לַאֲחִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְאִ֛ין יֶשׁ־פֹּ֥ה תַֽחַת־יָדְךָ֖ חֲנִ֣ית אוֹ־חָ֑רֶב כִּ֣י גַם־חַרְבִּ֤י וְגַם־כֵּלַי֙ לֹֽא־לָקַ֣חְתִּי בְיָדִ֔י כִּֽי־הָיָ֥ה דְבַר־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ נָחֽוּץ׃ס

And David said unto Ahimelech: 'And is there peradventure here under thy hand spear or sword? for I have neither brought my sword nor my weapons with me, because the king's business required haste.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	דָּוִד֙	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	nsubj	David
4	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	5 אֲחִימֶ֔לֶךְ	case	to
5	אֲחִימֶ֔לֶךְ	אֲחִימֶלֶךְ	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	obl	Ahimelech
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 פֹּ֥ה	cc	and
7	אִ֛ין	אִין	ADV	_	9 פֹּ֥ה	advmod	not
8	יֶשׁ־	יֵשׁ	ADV	_	9 פֹּ֥ה	advmod	there [is]
9	פֹּ֥ה	פֹּה	ADV	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	conj	here
10	תַֽחַת־	תַּחַת	NOUN	_	9 פֹּ֥ה	obl	under
11	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 תַֽחַת־	compound:smixut	hand
12	ְךָ֖	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 יָד	nmod:poss	your
13	חֲנִ֣ית	חֲנִית	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 פֹּ֥ה	nsubj	a spear
14	אוֹ־	אוֹ	CCONJ	_	15 חָ֑רֶב	cc	or
15	חָ֑רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 חֲנִ֣ית	conj	a sword
16	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	25 לָקַ֣חְתִּי	mark	(dm)
17	גַם־	גַּם	ADV	_	18 חַרְבּ	advmod	both
18	חַרְבּ	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	25 לָקַ֣חְתִּי	obj	sword
19	ִ֤י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	18 חַרְבּ	nmod:poss	my
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 כֵּל	cc	(and) as
21	גַם־	גַּם	ADV	_	22 כֵּל	advmod	well as
22	כֵּל	כְּלִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 חַרְבּ	conj	weapons
23	ַי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 כֵּל	nmod:poss	my
24	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	25 לָקַ֣חְתִּי	advmod	not
25	לָקַ֣חְתִּי	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	advcl	I took
26	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	27 יָד	case	in
27	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 לָקַ֣חְתִּי	obl	hand
28	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	27 יָד	nmod:poss	my
29	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	34 נָחֽוּץ	mark	(dm)
30	הָיָ֥ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	34 נָחֽוּץ	cop	it was
31	דְבַר־	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	34 נָחֽוּץ	nsubj	the matter
32	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	33 מֶּ֖לֶךְ	det	of
33	מֶּ֖לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	31 דְבַר־	compound:smixut	the king
34	נָחֽוּץ	נָחַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	advcl	urgent
35	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	34 נָחֽוּץ	punct
36	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	34 נָחֽוּץ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: speech with no frame
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
not לָקַחְתִּי I took	qatal · qal	דָּוִד David	חַרְבּ sword + כֵּל weapons
הָיָה it was	qatal · qal	דְבַר־ the matter
נָחֽוּץ urgent	participle passive · qal	דְבַר־ the matter

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר דָוִד לַאֲחִימֶלֶךְ אִלוּ אִית כָּא תְּחוֹת יְדָךְ מוּרְנִיתָא אוֹ חַרְבָּא אֲרֵי אַף חַרְבִּי וְאַף מָנֵי לָא נַסְבֵית בִּידִי אֲרֵי הֲוָה פִּתְגַם מַלְכָּא בִּבְהִילוּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And David said unto Ahimelech: 'And is there peradventure here under thy hand spear or sword? for I have neither brought my sword nor my weapons with me, because the king's business required haste.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:568.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.9/