1 Samuel 21:9 · JPS 1917
And David said unto Ahimelech: 'And is there peradventure here under thy hand spear or sword? for I have neither brought my sword nor my weapons with me, because the king's business required haste.'
Who acts: David, I, business · What happens: say, bring, require · To what, where: sword, haste · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 1 Samuel 21:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, I, business), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | David | David | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 5 Ahimelech | case |
| 5 | Ahimelech | Ahimelech | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | obl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 is | punct |
| 7 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 9 is | punct |
| 8 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 is | cc |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | ccomp |
| 10 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 9 is | expl |
| 11 | peradventure | peradventure | ADV | _ | 9 is | advmod |
| 12 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 9 is | advmod |
| 13 | under | under | ADP | _ | 16 spear | case |
| 14 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 16 spear | nmod:poss |
| 15 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 spear | compound |
| 16 | spear | spear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 is | nsubj |
| 17 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 18 sword | cc |
| 18 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 spear | conj |
| 19 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 is | punct |
| 20 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 24 brought | mark |
| 21 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 brought | nsubj |
| 22 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 brought | aux |
| 23 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 24 brought | cc:preconj |
| 24 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 is | advcl |
| 25 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 sword | nmod:poss |
| 26 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 brought | obj |
| 27 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 29 weapons | cc |
| 28 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 weapons | nmod:poss |
| 29 | weapons | weapon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 sword | conj |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 me | case |
| 31 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 brought | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 required | punct |
| 33 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 38 required | mark |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 king | det |
| 35 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 business | nmod:poss |
| 36 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 35 king | case |
| 37 | business | business | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 required | nsubj |
| 38 | required | require | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 brought | advcl |
| 39 | haste | haste | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 required | obj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 41 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- suggest
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | David | unto Ahimelech | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | bring | present · perfect | I | my sword nor my weapons | with me | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent sword=Theme | |||
| 3 | require | past | the king's business | haste | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme haste=Precondition |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ לַאֲחִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְאִ֛ין יֶשׁ־פֹּ֥ה תַֽחַת־יָדְךָ֖ חֲנִ֣ית אוֹ־חָ֑רֶב כִּ֣י גַם־חַרְבִּ֤י וְגַם־כֵּלַי֙ לֹֽא־לָקַ֣חְתִּי בְיָדִ֔י כִּֽי־הָיָ֥ה דְבַר־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ נָחֽוּץ׃ס
1 Samuel 21:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:628 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.628/