1 Samuel 22:1 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, brethren · What happens: depart, escape, hear, go down · To what, where: cave, house, David

This is 1 Samuel 22:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, brethren — and what happens in the verse to cave, house, David, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ דָּוִד֙ מִשָּׁ֔ם וַיִּמָּלֵ֖ט אֶל־מְעָרַ֣ת עֲדֻלָּ֑ם וַיִּשְׁמְע֤וּ אֶחָיו֙ וְכָל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔יו וַיֵּרְד֥וּ אֵלָ֖יו שָֽׁמָּה׃

David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave of Adullam; and when his brethren and all his father's house heard it, they went down thither to him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּ֤לֶךְ	cc	and
2	יֵּ֤לֶךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he went
3	דָּוִד֙	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֵּ֤לֶךְ	nsubj	David
4	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	5 שָּׁ֔ם	case	from
5	שָּׁ֔ם	שָׁם	ADV	_	2 יֵּ֤לֶךְ	obl	there
6	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יִּמָּלֵ֖ט	cc	and
7	יִּמָּלֵ֖ט	מָלַט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֤לֶךְ	conj	he escaped
8	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	9 מְעָרַ֣ת	case	to
9	מְעָרַ֣ת	מְעָרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 יִּמָּלֵ֖ט	obl	the cave
10	עֲדֻלָּ֑ם	עֲדֻלָּם	PROPN	_	9 מְעָרַ֣ת	compound:smixut	of Adullam
11	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 יִּשְׁמְע֤וּ	cc	and
12	יִּשְׁמְע֤וּ	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֵּ֤לֶךְ	conj	they heard
13	אֶחָי	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 יִּשְׁמְע֤וּ	nsubj	brothers
14	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 אֶחָי	nmod:poss	his
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 כָל־	cc	and
16	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 אֶחָי	conj	all
17	בֵּ֣ית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 כָל־	compound:smixut	the household
18	אָבִ֔י	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 בֵּ֣ית	compound:smixut	his father
19	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 אָבִ֔י	nmod:poss	his
20	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יֵּרְד֥וּ	cc	and
21	יֵּרְד֥וּ	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֵּ֤לֶךְ	conj	they went down
22	אֵלָ֖י	אֶל	ADP	_	23 ו	case	to
23	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 יֵּרְד֥וּ	obl	him
24	שָֽׁמּ	שָׁם	ADV	_	21 יֵּרְד֥וּ	advmod	to
25	ָה	ה	X	_	24 שָֽׁמּ	nmod	(to)
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יֵּלֶךְ he went	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
יִּמָּלֵט he escaped	wayyiqtol · niphal	דָּוִד David
יִּשְׁמְעוּ they heard	wayyiqtol · qal	אֶחָי brothers + בֵּית the household
יֵּרְדוּ they went down	wayyiqtol · qal	אֶחָי brothers + בֵּית the household

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲזַל דָוִד מִתַּמָן וְאִשְׁתֵּיזֵיב לִמְעָרַת עֲדֻלָם וּשְׁמָעוּ אַחוֹהִי וּבֵית אֲבוּהִי וּנְחָתוּ לְוָתֵיהּ לְתַמָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave of Adullam; and when his brethren and all his father's house heard it, they went down thither to him.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:576.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.1/