1 Samuel 22:2 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: one, David · What happens: be, discontent, gather, become · To what, where: distress, debt, one, brethren, captain

This is 1 Samuel 22:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — one, David — and what happens in the verse to distress, debt, one, brethren, captain, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ אֵ֠לָיו כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ מָצ֜וֹק וְכָל־אִ֨ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־ל֤וֹ נֹשֶׁא֙ וְכָל־אִ֣ישׁ מַר־נֶ֔פֶשׁ וַיְהִ֥י עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לְשָׂ֑ר וַיִּהְי֣וּ עִמּ֔וֹ כְּאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת אִֽישׁ׃

And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became captain over them; and there were with him about four hundred men.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ	cc	and
2	יִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ	קָבַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they gathered together
3	אֵ֠לָי	אֶל	ADP	_	4 ו	case	to
4	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ	obl	him
5	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ	nsubj	every
6	אִ֨ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 כָּל־	compound:smixut	man
7	מָצ֜וֹק	מָצוֹק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 אִ֨ישׁ	appos	of distress
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 כָל־	cc	and
9	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 כָּל־	conj	every
10	אִ֨ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 כָל־	compound:smixut	man
11	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	13 ֤וֹ	mark	whom
12	ל	לְ	ADP	_	13 ֤וֹ	case	[belonged] to
13	֤וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 כָל־	acl:relcl	him
14	נֹשֶׁא֙	נָשָׁא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	13 ֤וֹ	nsubj	a creditor
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 כָל־	cc	and
16	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 כָּל־	conj	every
17	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 כָל־	compound:smixut	man
18	מַר־	מַר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 אִ֣ישׁ	amod	bitter
19	נֶ֔פֶשׁ	נֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 מַר־	compound:smixut	of soul
20	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יְהִ֥י	cc	and
21	יְהִ֥י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ	conj	he became
22	עֲלֵי	עַל	ADP	_	23 הֶ֖ם	case	over
23	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 יְהִ֥י	obl	them
24	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	25 שָׂ֑ר	case	(into) a
25	שָׂ֑ר	שַׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יְהִ֥י	obl	commander
26	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 יִּהְי֣וּ	cc	and
27	יִּהְי֣וּ	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ	conj	they were
28	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	29 ֔וֹ	case	with
29	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 יִּהְי֣וּ	obl	him
30	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	33 אִֽישׁ	case	about
31	אַרְבַּ֥ע	אַרְבַּע	NUM	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	33 אִֽישׁ	nummod	four
32	מֵא֖וֹת	מֵאָה	NUM	Number=Plur	31 אַרְבַּ֥ע	flat	hundred(s)
33	אִֽישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 יִּהְי֣וּ	nsubj	man
34	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	33 אִֽישׁ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יִּֽתְקַבְּצוּ they gathered together	wayyiqtol · hithpael	אִישׁ man + אִישׁ man + אִישׁ man
יְהִי he became	wayyiqtol · qal
יִּהְיוּ they were	wayyiqtol · qal	אִֽישׁ man

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאִתְכְּנִישׁוּ לְוָתֵיהּ כָּל גְבַר מָעִיק רוּחַ וְכָל גְבַר דִי לֵיהּ מָרֵי רְשׁוּ וְכָל גְבַר מָרִיר נְפַשׁ וַהֲוָה עֲלֵיהוֹן לְרַבָּא וַהֲווֹ עִמֵיהּ כְּאַרְבַּע מְאָה גַבְרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became captain over them; and there were with him about four hundred men.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:577.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.2/