1 Samuel 22:17 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: king, guard, hand, servants · What happens: say, stand, turn, slay, be, know · To what, where: priests, hand, me · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 22:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, guard, hand, servants — and what happens in the verse to priests, hand, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ לָרָצִים֩ הַנִּצָּבִ֨ים עָלָ֜יו סֹ֥בּוּ וְהָמִ֣יתוּ ׀ כֹּהֲנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה כִּ֤י גַם־יָדָם֙ עִם־דָּוִ֔ד וְכִ֤י יָֽדְעוּ֙ כִּֽי־בֹרֵ֣חַ ה֔וּא וְלֹ֥א גָל֖וּ אֶת־אָזְנִ֑י וְלֹֽא־אָב֞וּ עַבְדֵ֤י הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ לִשְׁלֹ֣חַ אֶת־יָדָ֔ם לִפְגֹ֖עַ בְּכֹהֲנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ס

And the king said unto the guard that stood about him: 'Turn, and slay the priests of the LORD; because their hand also is with David, and because they knew that he fled, and did not disclose it to me.' But the servants of the king would not put forth their hand to fall upon the priests of the LORD.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 מֶּ֡לֶךְ	det	the
4	מֶּ֡לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	nsubj	king
5	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	7 רָצִים֩	case	to
6	ה	הַ	SCONJ	_	7 רָצִים֩	mark	the
7	רָצִים֩	רוּץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	advcl	runners
8	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	9 נִּצָּבִ֨ים	mark	[who
9	נִּצָּבִ֨ים	נָצַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur	7 רָצִים֩	acl:relcl	were] standing
10	עָלָ֜י	עַל	ADP	_	11 ו	case	with
11	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 נִּצָּבִ֨ים	obl	him
12	סֹ֥בּוּ	סָבַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	turn round
13	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 הָמִ֣יתוּ	cc	and
14	הָמִ֣יתוּ	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	12 סֹ֥בּוּ	conj	put to death
15	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	14 הָמִ֣יתוּ	punct
16	כֹּהֲנֵ֣י	כֹּהֵן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 הָמִ֣יתוּ	obj	the priests
17	יְהוָ֗ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	16 כֹּהֲנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
18	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	23 דָּוִ֔ד	mark	(dm)
19	גַם־	גַּם	ADV	_	20 יָד	advmod	also
20	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 דָּוִ֔ד	nsubj	hand
21	ָם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 יָד	nmod:poss	their
22	עִם־	עִם	ADP	_	23 דָּוִ֔ד	case	[is] with
23	דָּוִ֔ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	12 סֹ֥בּוּ	advcl	David
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 יָֽדְעוּ֙	cc	and
25	כִ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	26 יָֽדְעוּ֙	mark	(dm)
26	יָֽדְעוּ֙	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	12 סֹ֥בּוּ	advcl	they knew
27	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	28 בֹרֵ֣חַ	mark	(dm) that
28	בֹרֵ֣חַ	בָּרַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	26 יָֽדְעוּ֙	ccomp	[was] fleeing
29	ה֔וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 בֹרֵ֣חַ	nsubj	he
30	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	32 גָל֖וּ	cc	and
31	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	32 גָל֖וּ	advmod	not
32	גָל֖וּ	גָּלָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	12 סֹ֥בּוּ	conj	they uncovered
33	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	34 אָזְנ	case	(et)
34	אָזְנ	אֹזֶן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	32 גָל֖וּ	obj	ear
35	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	34 אָזְנ	nmod:poss	my
36	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	38 אָב֞וּ	cc	and
37	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	38 אָב֞וּ	advmod	not
38	אָב֞וּ	אָבָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	12 סֹ֥בּוּ	conj	they were willing
39	עַבְדֵ֤י	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	38 אָב֞וּ	nsubj	the servants
40	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	41 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	det	of
41	מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	39 עַבְדֵ֤י	compound:smixut	the king
42	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	43 שְׁלֹ֣חַ	case	to
43	שְׁלֹ֣חַ	שָׁלַח	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	38 אָב֞וּ	xcomp	stretch out
44	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	45 יָד	case	(et)
45	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 שְׁלֹ֣חַ	obj	hand
46	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	45 יָד	nmod:poss	their
47	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	48 פְגֹ֖עַ	case	to
48	פְגֹ֖עַ	פָּגַע	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	43 שְׁלֹ֣חַ	advcl	fall
49	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	50 כֹהֲנֵ֥י	case	on
50	כֹהֲנֵ֥י	כֹּהֵן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	48 פְגֹ֖עַ	obl	the priests
51	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	50 כֹהֲנֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
52	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	51 יְהוָֽה	punct
53	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	51 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king
רָצִים runners	participle active · qal
נִּצָּבִים were] standing	participle active · niphal
סֹבּוּ turn round	imperative · qal
הָמִיתוּ put to death	imperative · hiphil	כֹּהֲנֵי the priests
יָֽדְעוּ they knew	qatal · qal	כֹּהֲנֵי the priests	בֹרֵחַ [was] fleeing
בֹרֵחַ [was] fleeing	participle active · qal	הוּא he
not גָלוּ they uncovered	qatal · qal	כֹּהֲנֵי the priests	אָזְנ ear
not אָבוּ they were willing	qatal · qal	עַבְדֵי the servants
שְׁלֹחַ stretch out	infinitive construct · qal	עַבְדֵי the servants	יָד hand
פְגֹעַ fall	infinitive construct · qal	עַבְדֵי the servants

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר מַלְכָּא לִרְהָטַיָא דְקַיְמִין עֲלוֹהִי אִסְתְּחָרוּ וּקְטֻלוּ כַּהֲנַיָא דַייָ אֲרֵי אַף יְדֵיהוֹן עִם דָוִד וַאֲרֵי יְדָעוּ אֲרֵי עֲרִיק הוּא וְלָא חַווּ לִי וְלָא אֲבוֹ עַבְדֵי מַלְכָּא לְאוֹשָׁטָא יַת יְדֵיהוֹן לְמִשְׁלַט בְּכַהֲנַיָא דַיָי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the king said unto the guard that stood about him: 'Turn, and slay the priests of the LORD; because their hand also is with David, and because they knew that he fled, and did not disclose it to me.' But the servants of the king would not put forth their hand to fall upon the priests of the LORD.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:592.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.17/