1 Samuel 23:2 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, I, LORD · What happens: inquire, say, go, smite, save · To what, where: Philistines, Keilah · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 23:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, I, LORD — and what happens in the verse to Philistines, Keilah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁאַ֨ל דָּוִ֤ד בַּֽיהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הַאֵלֵ֣ךְ וְהִכֵּ֔יתִי בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּהס וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד לֵ֚ךְ וְהִכִּ֣יתָ בַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וְהוֹשַׁעְתָּ֖ אֶת־קְעִילָֽה׃

Therefore David inquired of the LORD, saying: 'Shall I go and smite these Philistines?' And the LORD said unto David: 'Go, and smite the Philistines, and save Keilah.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁאַ֨ל	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁאַ֨ל	שָׁאַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he enquired
3	דָּוִ֤ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁאַ֨ל	nsubj	David
4	בַּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	5 יהוָה֙	case	by
5	יהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁאַ֨ל	obl	Yahweh
6	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	9 אֵלֵ֣ךְ	mark	(cmp)
7	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	6 לֵ	fixed
8	הַ	הֲ	PART	_	9 אֵלֵ֣ךְ	advmod	will
9	אֵלֵ֣ךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יִּשְׁאַ֨ל	ccomp	I go?
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 הִכֵּ֔יתִי	cc	and
11	הִכֵּ֔יתִי	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1	9 אֵלֵ֣ךְ	conj	will I attack?
12	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים	case	(in)
13	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים	det	the
14	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 הִכֵּ֔יתִי	obl	Philistines
15	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 אֵ֑לֶּה	det	(the)
16	אֵ֑לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	14 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים	det	these
17	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	16 אֵ֑לֶּה	punct
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
19	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁאַ֨ל	conj	he said
20	יְהוָ֜ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	19 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Yahweh
21	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	22 דָּוִ֗ד	case	to
22	דָּוִ֗ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	19 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	David
23	לֵ֚ךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	19 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	go
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 הִכִּ֣יתָ	cc	and
25	הִכִּ֣יתָ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	23 לֵ֚ךְ	conj	you will attack
26	בַ	בְּ	ADP	_	28 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים	case	(in)
27	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים	det	the
28	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	25 הִכִּ֣יתָ	obl	Philistines
29	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 הוֹשַׁעְתָּ֖	cc	and
30	הוֹשַׁעְתָּ֖	יָשַׁע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	23 לֵ֚ךְ	conj	you will deliver
31	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	32 קְעִילָֽה	case	(et)
32	קְעִילָֽה	קְעִילָה	PROPN	_	30 הוֹשַׁעְתָּ֖	obj	Keilah
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 קְעִילָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּשְׁאַל he enquired	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	דָּוִד David
אֵלֵךְ I go?	yiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
הִכֵּיתִי will I attack?	weqatal · hiphil	דָּוִד David
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	אֶל־ to
לֵךְ go	imperative · qal	לֵךְ go
הִכִּיתָ you will attack	weqatal · hiphil	לֵךְ go
הוֹשַׁעְתָּ you will deliver	weqatal · hiphil		לֵךְ go

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְשָׁאִיל דָוִד בְּמֵימְרָא דַייָ לְמֵימָר הַאֵזִיל וְאֶקְטוֹל בִּפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי הָאִלֵין וַאֲמַר יְיָ לְדָוִד אֱזֵיל וְתִקְטוֹל בִּפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי וְתִפְרוֹק יַת יַתְבֵי קְעִילָה:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Therefore David inquired of the LORD, saying: 'Shall I go and smite these Philistines?' And the LORD said unto David: 'Go, and smite the Philistines, and save Keilah.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:600.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.2/