1 Samuel 23:26 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Saul, David · What happens: go, make, get away, compass, take, fear · To what, where: side, haste, David, men, Saul

This is 1 Samuel 23:26 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, David — and what happens in the verse to side, haste, David, men, Saul, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ שָׁא֜וּל מִצַּ֤ד הָהָר֙ מִזֶּ֔ה וְדָוִ֧ד וַאֲנָשָׁ֛יו מִצַּ֥ד הָהָ֖ר מִזֶּ֑ה וַיְהִ֨י דָוִ֜ד נֶחְפָּ֤ז לָלֶ֙כֶת֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י שָׁא֔וּל וְשָׁא֣וּל וַאֲנָשָׁ֗יו עֹֽטְרִ֛ים אֶל־דָּוִ֥ד וְאֶל־אֲנָשָׁ֖יו לְתָפְשָֽׂם׃

And Saul went on this side of the mountain, and David and his men on that side of the mountain; and David made haste to get away for fear of Saul; for Saul and his men compassed David and his men round about to take them.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ	cc	and
2	יֵּ֨לֶךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he went
3	שָׁא֜וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ	nsubj	Saul
4	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	5 צַּ֤ד	case	from
5	צַּ֤ד	צַד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ	obl	the side
6	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 הָר֙	det	of
7	הָר֙	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 צַּ֤ד	compound:smixut	the mountain
8	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	9 זֶּ֔ה	case	from
9	זֶּ֔ה	זֶה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 צַּ֤ד	nmod	this
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 דָוִ֧ד	cc	and
11	דָוִ֧ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ	conj	David
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 אֲנָשָׁ֛י	cc	and
13	אֲנָשָׁ֛י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 דָוִ֧ד	conj	men
14	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 אֲנָשָׁ֛י	nmod:poss	his
15	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	16 צַּ֥ד	case	[were] from
16	צַּ֥ד	צַד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 דָוִ֧ד	obl	the side
17	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 הָ֖ר	det	of
18	הָ֖ר	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 צַּ֥ד	compound:smixut	the mountain
19	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	20 זֶּ֑ה	case	from
20	זֶּ֑ה	זֶה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	16 צַּ֥ד	nmod	this
21	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 נֶחְפָּ֤ז	cc	and
22	יְהִ֨י	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	24 נֶחְפָּ֤ז	cop	he was
23	דָוִ֜ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	24 נֶחְפָּ֤ז	nsubj	David
24	נֶחְפָּ֤ז	חָפַז	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ	conj	hurrying away
25	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	26 לֶ֙כֶת֙	case	to
26	לֶ֙כֶת֙	הלך	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	24 נֶחְפָּ֤ז	advcl	go
27	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	28 פְּנֵ֣י	case	from
28	פְּנֵ֣י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 לֶ֙כֶת֙	obl	before
29	שָׁא֔וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	28 פְּנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	Saul
30	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	35 עֹֽטְרִ֛ים	cc	and
31	שָׁא֣וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	35 עֹֽטְרִ֛ים	nsubj	Saul
32	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	33 אֲנָשָׁ֗י	cc	and
33	אֲנָשָׁ֗י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	31 שָׁא֣וּל	conj	men
34	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 אֲנָשָׁ֗י	nmod:poss	his
35	עֹֽטְרִ֛ים	עָטַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ	conj	[were] surrounding
36	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	37 דָּוִ֥ד	case	(to)
37	דָּוִ֥ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	35 עֹֽטְרִ֛ים	obl	David
38	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	40 אֲנָשָׁ֖י	cc	and
39	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	40 אֲנָשָׁ֖י	case	(to)
40	אֲנָשָׁ֖י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	37 דָּוִ֥ד	conj	men
41	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	40 אֲנָשָׁ֖י	nmod:poss	his
42	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	43 תָפְשׂ	case	to
43	תָפְשׂ	תָּפַשׂ	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	35 עֹֽטְרִ֛ים	advcl	catch
44	ָֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	43 תָפְשׂ	obj	them
45	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	44 ָֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֵּלֶךְ he went	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul
יְהִי he was	wayyiqtol · qal	דָוִד David
נֶחְפָּז hurrying away	participle active · niphal	דָוִד David
לֶכֶת go	infinitive construct · qal	דָוִד David
עֹֽטְרִים [were] surrounding	participle active · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul + אֲנָשָׁי men
תָפְשׂ catch	infinitive construct · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul + אֲנָשָׁי men	ָֽם them

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲזַל שָׁאוּל מִסְטַר טוּרָא מִכָּא וְדָוִד וְגַבְרוֹהִי מִסְטַר טוּרָא מִכָּא וַהֲוָה דָוִד מִתְבְּעֵי לְמֵיזַל מִן קֳדָם שָׁאוּל וְשָׁאוּל וְגַבְרוֹהִי כָּמְנִין עַל דָוִד וְעַל גַבְרוֹהִי לְמֵחַדְהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Saul went on this side of the mountain, and David and his men on that side of the mountain; and David made haste to get away for fear of Saul; for Saul and his men compassed David and his men round about to take them.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:624.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.26/