1 Samuel 25:13 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, ye, bread, hundred men · What happens: say, gird, go up · To what, where: sword · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 25:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, ye, bread, hundred men — and what happens in the verse to sword, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּאמֶר֩ דָּוִ֨ד לַאֲנָשָׁ֜יו חִגְר֣וּ ׀ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־חַרְבּ֗וֹ וַֽיַּחְגְּרוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־חַרְבּ֔וֹ וַיַּחְגֹּ֥ר גַּם־דָּוִ֖ד אֶת־חַרְבּ֑וֹ וַֽיַּעֲל֣וּ ׀ אַחֲרֵ֣י דָוִ֗ד כְּאַרְבַּ֤ע מֵאוֹת֙ אִ֔ישׁ וּמָאתַ֖יִם יָשְׁב֥וּ עַל־הַכֵּלִֽים׃

And David said unto his men: 'Gird ye on every man his sword.' And they girded on every man his sword; and David also girded on his sword; and there went up after David about four hundred men; and two hundred abode by the baggage.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּאמֶר֩	cc	and
2	יֹּאמֶר֩	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	דָּוִ֨ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֹּאמֶר֩	nsubj	David
4	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	5 אֲנָשָׁ֜י	case	to
5	אֲנָשָׁ֜י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יֹּאמֶר֩	obl	men
6	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 אֲנָשָׁ֜י	nmod:poss	his
7	חִגְר֣וּ	חָגַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יֹּאמֶר֩	ccomp	gird on
8	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	7 חִגְר֣וּ	punct
9	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 חִגְר֣וּ	obl	everyone
10	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	11 חַרְבּ	case	(et)
11	חַרְבּ	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 חִגְר֣וּ	obj	sword
12	֗וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 חַרְבּ	nmod:poss	his
13	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יַּחְגְּרוּ֙	cc	and
14	יַּחְגְּרוּ֙	חָגַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֹּאמֶר֩	conj	they girded on
15	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 יַּחְגְּרוּ֙	obl	everyone
16	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	17 חַרְבּ	case	(et)
17	חַרְבּ	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	14 יַּחְגְּרוּ֙	obj	sword
18	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 חַרְבּ	nmod:poss	his
19	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יַּחְגֹּ֥ר	cc	and
20	יַּחְגֹּ֥ר	חָגַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּאמֶר֩	conj	he girded on
21	גַּם־	גַּם	ADV	_	22 דָּוִ֖ד	advmod	also
22	דָּוִ֖ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	20 יַּחְגֹּ֥ר	nsubj	David
23	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	24 חַרְבּ	case	(et)
24	חַרְבּ	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 יַּחְגֹּ֥ר	obj	sword
25	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 חַרְבּ	nmod:poss	his
26	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 יַּעֲל֣וּ	cc	and
27	יַּעֲל֣וּ	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֹּאמֶר֩	conj	they went up
28	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	27 יַּעֲל֣וּ	punct
29	אַחֲרֵ֣י	אַחַר	ADP	_	30 דָוִ֗ד	case	after
30	דָוִ֗ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	27 יַּעֲל֣וּ	obl	David
31	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	34 אִ֔ישׁ	case	about
32	אַרְבַּ֤ע	אַרְבַּע	NUM	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	34 אִ֔ישׁ	nummod	four
33	מֵאוֹת֙	מֵאָה	NUM	Number=Plur	32 אַרְבַּ֤ע	flat	hundred(s)
34	אִ֔ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 יַּעֲל֣וּ	nsubj	man
35	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	37 יָשְׁב֥וּ	cc	and
36	מָאתַ֖יִם	מֵאָה	NUM	Number=Dual	37 יָשְׁב֥וּ	nsubj	two hundred
37	יָשְׁב֥וּ	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֹּאמֶר֩	conj	they remained
38	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	40 כֵּלִֽים	case	with
39	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	40 כֵּלִֽים	det	the
40	כֵּלִֽים	כְּלִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	37 יָשְׁב֥וּ	obl	baggage(s)
41	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	40 כֵּלִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
חִגְרוּ gird on	imperative · qal	אֲנָשָׁי men	חַרְבּ sword
יַּחְגְּרוּ they girded on	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲנָשָׁי men	חַרְבּ sword
יַּחְגֹּר he girded on	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David	חַרְבּ sword
יַּעֲלוּ they went up	wayyiqtol · qal	אִישׁ man
יָשְׁבוּ they remained	qatal · qal	מָאתַיִם two hundred

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר דָוִד לְגַבְרוֹהִי זְרִיזוּ גְבַר יַת חַרְבֵּיהּ וְזָרִיזוּ גְבַר יַת חַרְבֵּיהּ וְזָרֵיז אַף דָוִד יַת חַרְבֵּיהּ וּסְלִיקוּ בָּתַר דָוִד כְּאַרְבַּע מְאָה גַבְרָא וּמָאתָן אִשְׁתָּאֲרוּ לְמִטַר מָנַיָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And David said unto his men: 'Gird ye on every man his sword.' And they girded on every man his sword; and David also girded on his sword; and there went up after David about four hundred men; and two hundred abode by the baggage.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:662.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.13/