1 Samuel 26:10 שְׁמוּאֵל א
Who acts: David, LORD, day · What happens: say, live, smite, come, die, go down · To what, where: David, battle · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is 1 Samuel 26:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, LORD, day — and what happens in the verse to David, battle, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ חַי־יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֥י אִם־יְהוָ֖ה יִגָּפֶ֑נּוּ אֽוֹ־יוֹמ֤וֹ יָבוֹא֙ וָמֵ֔ת א֧וֹ בַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה יֵרֵ֖ד וְנִסְפָּֽה׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר | cc | and |
| 2 | יֹּ֤אמֶר | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he said |
| 3 | דָּוִד֙ | דָּוִד | PROPN | _ | 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר | nsubj | David |
| 4 | חַי־ | חַי | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר | ccomp | [by] the life |
| 5 | יְהוָ֔ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 4 חַי־ | nsubj | of Yahweh |
| 6 | כִּ֥י | כִּי | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 9 יִגָּפ | mark | (dm) |
| 7 | אִם־ | אִם | SCONJ | _ | 6 כִּ֥י | fixed | (if) |
| 8 | יְהוָ֖ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 9 יִגָּפ | nsubj | Yahweh |
| 9 | יִגָּפ | נָגַף | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 חַי־ | parataxis | he |
| 10 | ֶ֑נּוּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 יִגָּפ | obj | will strike him |
| 11 | אֽוֹ־ | אוֹ | CCONJ | _ | 14 יָבוֹא֙ | cc | or |
| 12 | יוֹמ | יוֹם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 14 יָבוֹא֙ | nsubj | day |
| 13 | ֤וֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 יוֹמ | nmod:poss | his |
| 14 | יָבוֹא֙ | בּוֹא | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 חַי־ | parataxis | it will come |
| 15 | וָ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 16 מֵ֔ת | cc | and |
| 16 | מֵ֔ת | מוּת | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 14 יָבוֹא֙ | conj | he will die |
| 17 | א֧וֹ | אוֹ | CCONJ | _ | 21 יֵרֵ֖ד | cc | or |
| 18 | בַ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 20 מִּלְחָמָ֛ה | case | in |
| 19 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 20 מִּלְחָמָ֛ה | det | (the) |
| 20 | מִּלְחָמָ֛ה | מִלְחָמָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 21 יֵרֵ֖ד | obl | battle |
| 21 | יֵרֵ֖ד | יָרַד | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 14 יָבוֹא֙ | conj | he will go down |
| 22 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 23 נִסְפָּֽה | cc | and |
| 23 | נִסְפָּֽה | סָפָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 21 יֵרֵ֖ד | conj | he will be carried away |
| 24 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 23 נִסְפָּֽה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- no
- the frame alone
- decl · narrate · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יֹּאמֶר he said | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד David | |||
| יִגָּפ he | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh | ֶנּוּ will strike him | ||
| יָבוֹא it will come | yiqtol · qal | יוֹמ day | |||
| מֵת he will die | qatal · qal | ||||
| יֵרֵד he will go down | yiqtol · qal | ||||
| נִסְפָּֽה he will be carried away | qatal · niphal |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וַאֲמַר דָוִד קַיָם הוּא יְיָ אֱלָהֵין מִן קֳדָם יְיָ יִתְמְחֵי אוֹ יוֹמֵיהּ יִמְטֵי וִימוּת אוֹ בִקְרָבָא יֵחוּת וְיִתְקְטֵל:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:703.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.10/