1 Samuel 26:6 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, Abishai, I · What happens: answer, say, go down · To what, where: Ahimelech, Saul · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 26:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Abishai, I — and what happens in the verse to Ahimelech, Saul, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּ֨עַן דָּוִ֜ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ אֶל־אֲחִימֶ֣לֶךְ הַחִתִּ֗י וְאֶל־אֲבִישַׁ֨י בֶּן־צְרוּיָ֜ה אֲחִ֤י יוֹאָב֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מִֽי־יֵרֵ֥ד אִתִּ֛י אֶל־שָׁא֖וּל אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲבִישַׁ֔י אֲנִ֖י אֵרֵ֥ד עִמָּֽךְ׃

Then answered David and said to Ahimelech the Hittite, and to Abishai the son of Zeruiah, brother to Joab, saying: 'Who will go down with me to Saul to the camp?' And Abishai said: 'I will go down with thee.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּ֨עַן	cc	and
2	יַּ֨עַן	עָנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he answered
3	דָּוִ֜ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יַּ֨עַן	nsubj	David
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
5	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֨עַן	conj	he said
6	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	5 יֹּ֣אמֶר	punct
7	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	8 אֲחִימֶ֣לֶךְ	case	to
8	אֲחִימֶ֣לֶךְ	אֲחִימֶלֶךְ	PROPN	_	5 יֹּ֣אמֶר	obl	Ahimelech
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 חִתִּ֗י	det	the
10	חִתִּ֗י	חִתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 אֲחִימֶ֣לֶךְ	appos	Hittite
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 אֲבִישַׁ֨י	cc	and
12	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	13 אֲבִישַׁ֨י	case	to
13	אֲבִישַׁ֨י	אֲבִישַׁי	PROPN	_	8 אֲחִימֶ֣לֶךְ	conj	Abishai
14	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 אֲבִישַׁ֨י	appos	the son
15	צְרוּיָ֜ה	צְרוּיָה	PROPN	_	14 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Zeruiah
16	אֲחִ֤י	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 אֲבִישַׁ֨י	appos	the brother
17	יוֹאָב֙	יוֹאָב	PROPN	_	16 אֲחִ֤י	compound:smixut	of Joab
18	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	21 יֵרֵ֥ד	mark	(cmp)
19	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	18 לֵ	fixed
20	מִֽי־	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	21 יֵרֵ֥ד	nsubj	who?
21	יֵרֵ֥ד	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	will he go down
22	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	23 ִ֛י	case	with
23	ִ֛י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	21 יֵרֵ֥ד	obl	me
24	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	25 שָׁא֖וּל	case	to
25	שָׁא֖וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	21 יֵרֵ֥ד	obl	Saul
26	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	28 מַּחֲנֶ֑ה	case	into
27	הַֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 מַּחֲנֶ֑ה	det	the
28	מַּחֲנֶ֑ה	מַחֲנֶה	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 יֵרֵ֥ד	obl	camp
29	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
30	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֨עַן	conj	he said
31	אֲבִישַׁ֔י	אֲבִישַׁי	PROPN	_	30 יֹּ֣אמֶר	nsubj	Abishai
32	אֲנִ֖י	אֲנִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	33 אֵרֵ֥ד	nsubj	I
33	אֵרֵ֥ד	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	30 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	I will go down
34	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	35 ָֽךְ	case	with
35	ָֽךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	33 אֵרֵ֥ד	obl	you
36	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	35 ָֽךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יַּעַן he answered	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	דָּוִד David
יֵרֵד will he go down	yiqtol · qal	מִֽי־ who?
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲבִישַׁי Abishai
אֵרֵד I will go down	yiqtol · qal	אֲנִי I

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲתֵיב דָוִד וַאֲמַר לַאֲחִימֶלֶךְ חִתָּאָה וְלַאֲבִישַׁי בַּר צְרוּיָה אֲחוּהִי דְיוֹאָב לְמֵימַר מַן יֵחוֹת עִמִי לְוַת שָׁאוּל לְמַשְׁרִיתָא וַאֲמַר אֲבִישַׁי אֲנָא אֵיחוֹת עִמָךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then answered David and said to Ahimelech the Hittite, and to Abishai the son of Zeruiah, brother to Joab, saying: 'Who will go down with me to Saul to the camp?' And Abishai said: 'I will go down with thee.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:699.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.6/