1 Samuel 27:8 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, those, land, thou · What happens: go up, make, be, go · To what, where: raid, inhabitants, Shur

This is 1 Samuel 27:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, those, land, thou — and what happens in the verse to raid, inhabitants, Shur, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּ֤עַל דָּוִד֙ וַֽאֲנָשָׁ֔יו וַֽיִּפְשְׁט֛וּ אֶל־הַגְּשׁוּרִ֥י וְהַגִּזְרִ֖י וְהָעֲמָלֵקִ֑י כִּ֣י הֵ֜נָּה יֹשְׁב֤וֹת הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר מֵֽעוֹלָ֔ם בּוֹאֲךָ֥ שׁ֖וּרָה וְעַד־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

And David and his men went up, and made a raid upon the Geshurites, and the Gizrites, and the Amalekites; for those were the inhabitants of the land, who were of old, as thou goest to Shur, even unto the land of Egypt.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּ֤עַל	cc	and
2	יַּ֤עַל	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he went up
3	דָּוִד֙	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יַּ֤עַל	nsubj	David
4	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 אֲנָשָׁ֔י	cc	and
5	אֲנָשָׁ֔י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 דָּוִד֙	conj	men
6	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 אֲנָשָׁ֔י	nmod:poss	his
7	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יִּפְשְׁט֛וּ	cc	and
8	יִּפְשְׁט֛וּ	פָּשַׁט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּ֤עַל	conj	they made raids
9	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	11 גְּשׁוּרִ֥י	case	against
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 גְּשׁוּרִ֥י	det	the
11	גְּשׁוּרִ֥י	גְּשׁוּרִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יִּפְשְׁט֛וּ	obl	Geshurite[s]
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 גִּזְרִ֖י	cc	and
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 גִּזְרִ֖י	det	the
14	גִּזְרִ֖י	גִּזְרִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 גְּשׁוּרִ֥י	conj	Gizrite[s]
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 עֲמָלֵקִ֑י	cc	and
16	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 עֲמָלֵקִ֑י	det	the
17	עֲמָלֵקִ֑י	עֲמָלֵקִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 גְּשׁוּרִ֥י	conj	Amalekite[s]
18	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	20 יֹשְׁב֤וֹת	mark	(dm)
19	הֵ֜נָּה	הֵנָּה	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 יֹשְׁב֤וֹת	nsubj	they
20	יֹשְׁב֤וֹת	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	2 יַּ֤עַל	advcl	[were] dwelling
21	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 אָ֙רֶץ֙	det	the
22	אָ֙רֶץ֙	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 יֹשְׁב֤וֹת	compound:smixut	land
23	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	25 עוֹלָ֔ם	mark	which
24	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	25 עוֹלָ֔ם	case	[is] from
25	עוֹלָ֔ם	עוֹלָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 יֹשְׁב֤וֹת	acl:relcl	antiquity
26	בּוֹא	בּוֹא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	20 יֹשְׁב֤וֹת	advcl	come
27	ֲךָ֥	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	26 בּוֹא	nsubj	you
28	שׁ֖וּר	שׁוּר	PROPN	_	26 בּוֹא	obl	to
29	ָה	ה	X	_	28 שׁ֖וּר	nmod	Shur
30	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	32 אֶ֥רֶץ	cc	and
31	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	32 אֶ֥רֶץ	case	to
32	אֶ֥רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 שׁ֖וּר	conj	the land
33	מִצְרָֽיִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	32 אֶ֥רֶץ	compound:smixut	of Egypt
34	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	33 מִצְרָֽיִם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יַּעַל he went up	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David + אֲנָשָׁי men
יִּפְשְׁטוּ they made raids	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David + אֲנָשָׁי men
יֹשְׁבוֹת [were] dwelling	participle active · qal	גְּשׁוּרִי Geshurite[s] + גִּזְרִי Gizrite[s] + עֲמָלֵקִי Amalekite[s]
בּוֹא come	infinitive construct · qal	ֲךָ you

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּסְלִיק דָוִד וְגַבְרוֹהִי וְאִתְנְגִידוּ עַל גְשׁוּרָאֵי וְעַל גִזְרָאֵי וַעֲמַלְקָאֵי אֲרֵי אִינוּן יַתְבַת אַרְעָא דְמֵעַלְמָא מַעֲלָנָא דְחַגְרָא וְעַד אַרְעָא דְמִצְרַיִם:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And David and his men went up, and made a raid upon the Geshurites, and the Gizrites, and the Amalekites; for those were the inhabitants of the land, who were of old, as thou goest to Shur, even unto the land of Egypt.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:726.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.27.8/