1 Samuel 31:9 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Philistines · What happens: cut off, strip off, send, carry · To what, where: head, armour, land, tidings

This is 1 Samuel 31:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Philistines — and what happens in the verse to head, armour, land, tidings, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַֽיִּכְרְתוּ֙ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֔וֹ וַיַּפְשִׁ֖יטוּ אֶת־כֵּלָ֑יו וַיְשַׁלְּח֨וּ בְאֶֽרֶץ־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים סָבִ֗יב לְבַשֵּׂ֛ר בֵּ֥ית עֲצַבֵּיהֶ֖ם וְאֶת־הָעָֽם׃

And they cut off his head, and stripped off his armour, and sent into the land of the Philistines round about, to carry the tidings unto the house of their idols, and to the people.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּכְרְתוּ֙	cc	and
2	יִּכְרְתוּ֙	כָּרַת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they cut off
3	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	4 רֹאשׁ	case	(et)
4	רֹאשׁ	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּכְרְתוּ֙	obj	head
5	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 רֹאשׁ	nmod:poss	his
6	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יַּפְשִׁ֖יטוּ	cc	and
7	יַּפְשִׁ֖יטוּ	פָּשַׁט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּכְרְתוּ֙	conj	they stripped off
8	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	9 כֵּלָ֑י	case	(et)
9	כֵּלָ֑י	כְּלִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 יַּפְשִׁ֖יטוּ	obj	armor(s)
10	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 כֵּלָ֑י	nmod:poss	his
11	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 יְשַׁלְּח֨וּ	cc	and
12	יְשַׁלְּח֨וּ	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּכְרְתוּ֙	conj	they sent
13	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 אֶֽרֶץ־	case	in
14	אֶֽרֶץ־	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 יְשַׁלְּח֨וּ	obl	the land
15	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 אֶֽרֶץ־	compound:smixut	of [the] Philistines
16	סָבִ֗יב	סָבִיב	ADV	Number=Sing	12 יְשַׁלְּח֨וּ	advmod	all around
17	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	18 בַשֵּׂ֛ר	case	to
18	בַשֵּׂ֛ר	בָּשַׂר	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	12 יְשַׁלְּח֨וּ	advcl	bear the news
19	בֵּ֥ית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 בַשֵּׂ֛ר	obj	the house
20	עֲצַבֵּי	עָצָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	19 בֵּ֥ית	compound:smixut	their idols
21	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 עֲצַבֵּי	nmod:poss	their
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 עָֽם	cc	and
23	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	25 עָֽם	case	(et)
24	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	25 עָֽם	det	the
25	עָֽם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 בֵּ֥ית	conj	people
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 עָֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּכְרְתוּ they cut off	wayyiqtol · qal		רֹאשׁ head
יַּפְשִׁיטוּ they stripped off	wayyiqtol · hiphil	כֵּלָי armor(s)
יְשַׁלְּחוּ they sent	wayyiqtol · piel
בַשֵּׂר bear the news	infinitive construct · piel		בֵּית the house + עָֽם people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּפְסַקוּ יַת רֵישֵׁיהּ וְחַלִיצוּ זְיָנֵיהּ וּשְׁלָחוּ בְּאַרְעָא דִפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי סְחוֹר סְחוֹר לְבַסָרָא בֵּית טַעֲוַתְהוֹן וְיַת עַמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And they cut off his head, and stripped off his armour, and sent into the land of the Philistines round about, to carry the tidings unto the house of their idols, and to the people.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:806.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.31.9/