1 Samuel 4:10 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Philistines, great slaughter, thousand footmen · What happens: fight, smite, flee, be, fall · To what, where: Israel, man, tent

This is 1 Samuel 4:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Philistines, great slaughter, thousand footmen — and what happens in the verse to Israel, man, tent, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּלָּחֲמ֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיִּנָּ֤גֶף יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיָּנֻ֙סוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ לְאֹהָלָ֔יו וַתְּהִ֥י הַמַּכָּ֖ה גְּדוֹלָ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד וַיִּפֹּל֙ מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף רַגְלִֽי׃

And the Philistines fought, and Israel was smitten, and they fled every man to his tent; and there was a very great slaughter; for there fell of Israel thirty thousand footmen.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּלָּחֲמ֣וּ	cc	and
2	יִּלָּחֲמ֣וּ	לָחַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they fought
3	פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּלָּחֲמ֣וּ	nsubj	[the] Philistines
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יִּנָּ֤גֶף	cc	and
5	יִּנָּ֤גֶף	נָגַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּלָּחֲמ֣וּ	conj	it was defeated
6	יִשְׂרָאֵל֙	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	5 יִּנָּ֤גֶף	nsubj	Israel
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יָּנֻ֙סוּ֙	cc	and
8	יָּנֻ֙סוּ֙	נוּס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּלָּחֲמ֣וּ	conj	they fled
9	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יָּנֻ֙סוּ֙	obl	each man
10	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	11 אֹהָלָ֔י	case	to
11	אֹהָלָ֔י	אֹהֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 יָּנֻ֙סוּ֙	obl	his own
12	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 אֹהָלָ֔י	nmod:poss	tents
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 גְּדוֹלָ֣ה	cc	and
14	תְּהִ֥י	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	17 גְּדוֹלָ֣ה	cop	it was
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 מַּכָּ֖ה	det	the
16	מַּכָּ֖ה	מַכָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 גְּדוֹלָ֣ה	nsubj	defeat
17	גְּדוֹלָ֣ה	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יִּלָּחֲמ֣וּ	conj	great
18	מְאֹ֑ד	מְאֹד	ADV	_	17 גְּדוֹלָ֣ה	advmod	exceedingly
19	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יִּפֹּל֙	cc	and
20	יִּפֹּל֙	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּלָּחֲמ֣וּ	conj	he fell
21	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	22 יִּשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	case	of
22	יִּשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	20 יִּפֹּל֙	obl	Israel
23	שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים	שָׁלֹשׁ	NUM	Number=Plur	25 רַגְלִֽי	nummod	thirty
24	אֶ֖לֶף	אֶלֶף	NUM	Number=Sing	23 שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים	flat	thousand
25	רַגְלִֽי	רַגְלִי	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 יִּפֹּל֙	nsubj	foot soldier[s]
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 רַגְלִֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּלָּחֲמוּ they fought	wayyiqtol · niphal	פְלִשְׁתִּים [the] Philistines
יִּנָּגֶף it was defeated	wayyiqtol · niphal		יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
יָּנֻסוּ they fled	wayyiqtol · qal	יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
תְּהִי it was	wayyiqtol · qal	מַּכָּה defeat
יִּפֹּל he fell	wayyiqtol · qal	רַגְלִֽי foot soldier[s]

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאַגִיחוּ קְרָבָא פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי וְאִתַּבָּרוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאַפָּכוּ גְבַר לְקִירְווֹהִי וַהֲוָה מְחָתָא רַבְּתָא לַחֲדָא וְאִתְקְטַל מִיִשְׂרָאֵל תְּלָתִין אַלְפִין גְבַר רִגְלָי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the Philistines fought, and Israel was smitten, and they fled every man to his tent; and there was a very great slaughter; for there fell of Israel thirty thousand footmen.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:94.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.10/