2 Kings 17:31 מְלָכִים ב

Who acts: Avvites, Sepharvites · What happens: make, burn · To what, where: Nibhaz, children, Adrammelech, fire

This is 2 Kings 17:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Avvites, Sepharvites — and what happens in the verse to Nibhaz, children, Adrammelech, fire, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהָעַוִּ֛ים עָשׂ֥וּ נִבְחַ֖ז וְאֶת־תַּרְתָּ֑ק וְהַסְפַרְוִ֗ים שֹׂרְפִ֤ים אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ לְאַדְרַמֶּ֥לֶךְ וַֽעֲנַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֱלֹהֵ֥י סְפַרְוָֽיִם׃

and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burnt their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 עָשׂ֥וּ	cc	and
2	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 עַוִּ֛ים	det	the
3	עַוִּ֛ים	עַוִּים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	4 עָשׂ֥וּ	nsubj	Avvites
4	עָשׂ֥וּ	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they made
5	נִבְחַ֖ז	נִבְחַז	PROPN	_	4 עָשׂ֥וּ	obj	Nibhaz
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 תַּרְתָּ֑ק	cc	and
7	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	8 תַּרְתָּ֑ק	case	(et)
8	תַּרְתָּ֑ק	תַּרְתָּק	PROPN	_	5 נִבְחַ֖ז	conj	Tartak
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 שֹׂרְפִ֤ים	cc	and
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 סְפַרְוִ֗ים	det	the
11	סְפַרְוִ֗ים	סְפַרְוִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 שֹׂרְפִ֤ים	nsubj	Sepharvites
12	שֹׂרְפִ֤ים	שָׂרַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	4 עָשׂ֥וּ	conj	[were] burning
13	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	14 בְּנֵי	case	(et)
14	בְּנֵי	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 שֹׂרְפִ֤ים	obj	children
15	הֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 בְּנֵי	nmod:poss	their
16	בָּ	בְּ	ADP	_	18 אֵ֔שׁ	case	in
17	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 אֵ֔שׁ	det	the
18	אֵ֔שׁ	אֵשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 שֹׂרְפִ֤ים	obl	fire
19	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	20 אַדְרַמֶּ֥לֶךְ	case	to
20	אַדְרַמֶּ֥לֶךְ	אַדְרַמֶּלֶךְ	PROPN	_	12 שֹׂרְפִ֤ים	obl	Adrammelech
21	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 עֲנַמֶּ֖לֶךְ	cc	and
22	עֲנַמֶּ֖לֶךְ	עֲנַמֶּלֶךְ	PROPN	_	20 אַדְרַמֶּ֥לֶךְ	conj	Anammelech
23	אֱלֹהֵ֥י	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	20 אַדְרַמֶּ֥לֶךְ	appos	the gods
24	סְפַרְוָֽיִם	סְפַרְוַיִם	PROPN	_	23 אֱלֹהֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of Sepharvaim
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 סְפַרְוָֽיִם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
עָשׂוּ they made	qatal · qal	עַוִּים Avvites	נִבְחַז Nibhaz + תַּרְתָּק Tartak
שֹׂרְפִים [were] burning	participle active · qal	סְפַרְוִים Sepharvites	בְּנֵי children

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַעֲוָאֵי עֲבַדוּ נִבְחַז וְיַת תַּרְתָּק וֶאֱנַשׁ סְפַרְוָאֵי מוֹקְדִין יַת בְּנֵיהוֹן בְּנוּרָא לְאַדְרַמֶלֶךְ וַעֲנַמֶלֶךְ טַעֲוַת סְפַרְוָיִם:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burnt their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:480.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.31/