2 Kings 17:41 מְלָכִים ב

Who acts: nations · What happens: fear, serve, image · To what, where: LORD, graven images

This is 2 Kings 17:41 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — nations — and what happens in the verse to LORD, graven images, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּהְי֣וּ ׀ הַגּוֹיִ֣ם הָאֵ֗לֶּה יְרֵאִים֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה וְאֶת־פְּסִֽילֵיהֶ֖ם הָי֣וּ עֹֽבְדִ֑ים גַּם־בְּנֵיהֶ֣ם ׀ וּבְנֵ֣י בְנֵיהֶ֗ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשׂ֤וּ אֲבֹתָם֙ הֵ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃פ

So these nations feared the LORD, and served their graven images; their children likewise, and their children's children, as did their fathers, so do they unto this day.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יְרֵאִים֙	cc	and
2	יִּהְי֣וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	8 יְרֵאִים֙	cop	they were
3	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	2 יִּהְי֣וּ	punct
4	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 גּוֹיִ֣ם	det	the
5	גּוֹיִ֣ם	גּוֹי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 יְרֵאִים֙	nsubj	nations
6	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 אֵ֗לֶּה	det	(the)
7	אֵ֗לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	5 גּוֹיִ֣ם	det	these
8	יְרֵאִים֙	יָרֵא	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	root	root	fearing
9	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	10 יְהוָ֔ה	case	(et)
10	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	8 יְרֵאִים֙	obj	Yahweh
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 עֹֽבְדִ֑ים	cc	and
12	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	13 פְּסִֽילֵי	case	(et)
13	פְּסִֽילֵי	פָּסִיל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 עֹֽבְדִ֑ים	obj	idols
14	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 פְּסִֽילֵי	nmod:poss	their
15	הָי֣וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	16 עֹֽבְדִ֑ים	cop	they were
16	עֹֽבְדִ֑ים	עָבַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	8 יְרֵאִים֙	conj	serving
17	גַּם־	גַּם	ADV	_	18 בְּנֵי	advmod	also
18	בְּנֵי	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 עֹֽבְדִ֑ים	nsubj	children
19	הֶ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 בְּנֵי	nmod:poss	their
20	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	19 הֶ֣ם	punct
21	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 בְנֵ֣י	cc	and
22	בְנֵ֣י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 בְּנֵי	conj	the children
23	בְנֵי	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	22 בְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	their children
24	הֶ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 בְנֵי	nmod:poss	their
25	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	31 עֹשִׂ֔ים	obl	just
26	אֲשֶׁ֨ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	27 עָשׂ֤וּ	mark	as
27	עָשׂ֤וּ	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	25 כַּ	acl:relcl	they did
28	אֲבֹת	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	27 עָשׂ֤וּ	nsubj	fathers
29	ָם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 אֲבֹת	nmod:poss	their
30	הֵ֣ם	הֵם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 עֹשִׂ֔ים	nsubj	they
31	עֹשִׂ֔ים	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	8 יְרֵאִים֙	parataxis	[are] doing
32	עַ֖ד	עַד	ADP	_	34 יּ֥וֹם	case	until
33	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	34 יּ֥וֹם	det	the
34	יּ֥וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	31 עֹשִׂ֔ים	obl	day
35	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	36 זֶּֽה	det	(the)
36	זֶּֽה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	34 יּ֥וֹם	det	this
37	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	36 זֶּֽה	punct
38	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	36 זֶּֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּהְיוּ they were	wayyiqtol · qal	גּוֹיִם nations
הָיוּ they were	qatal · qal	בְּנֵי children + בְנֵי the children
עֹֽבְדִים serving	participle active · qal	בְּנֵי children + בְנֵי the children	פְּסִֽילֵי idols
עָשׂוּ they did	qatal · qal	אֲבֹת fathers
עֹשִׂים [are] doing	participle active · qal	הֵם they

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲווֹ עַמְמַיָא הָאִילֵין דַחֲלִין מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וְיַת צַלְמָנֵיהוֹן הֲווֹ פַלְחִין אַף בְּנֵיהוֹן וּבְנֵי בְנֵיהוֹן כְּמָא דַעֲבָדוּ אֲבָהַתְהוֹן אִינוּן עָבְדִין עַד יוֹמָא הָדֵין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

So these nations feared the LORD, and served their graven images; their children likewise, and their children's children, as did their fathers, so do they unto this day.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:490.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.41/