2 Kings 18:27 מְלָכִים ב

Who acts: master, men · What happens: say, send, speak, not send, sit, eat · To what, where: me, master, words, men, wall, own dung · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Kings 18:27 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — master, men — and what happens in the verse to me, master, words, men, wall, own dung, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֜ם רַב־שָׁקֵ֗ה הַעַ֨ל אֲדֹנֶ֤יךָ וְאֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ שְׁלָחַ֣נִי אֲדֹנִ֔י לְדַבֵּ֖ר אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה הֲלֹ֣א עַל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙ עַל־הַ֣חֹמָ֔ה לֶאֱכֹ֣ל אֶתצוֹאָתָ֗ם וְלִשְׁתּ֛וֹת אֶת־מימֵ֥י רַגְלֵיהֶ֖םעִמָּכֶֽם׃

But Rab-shakeh said unto them: 'Hath my master sent me to thy master, and to thee, to speak these words? hath he not sent me to the men that sit on the wall, to eat their own dung, and to drink their own water with you?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	אֲלֵי	אֶל	ADP	_	4 הֶ֜ם	case	to
4	הֶ֜ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	them
5	רַב־	רַב־שָׁקֵה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	[the] Rab-
6	שָׁקֵ֗ה	רַבְשָׁקֵה	PROPN	_	5 רַב־	compound:smixut	shaqeh
7	הַ	הֲ	PART	_	14 שְׁלָח	advmod	?
8	עַ֨ל	עַל	ADP	_	9 אֲדֹנֶ֤י	case	to
9	אֲדֹנֶ֤י	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 שְׁלָח	obl	master(s)
10	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 אֲדֹנֶ֤י	nmod:poss	your
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 ךָ֙	cc	and
12	אֵלֶ֙י	אֶל	ADP	_	13 ךָ֙	case	to
13	ךָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 אֲדֹנֶ֤י	conj	you
14	שְׁלָח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	has
15	ַ֣נִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 שְׁלָח	obj	he sent me
16	אֲדֹנ	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 שְׁלָח	nsubj	master
17	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 אֲדֹנ	nmod:poss	my
18	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	19 דַבֵּ֖ר	case	to
19	דַבֵּ֖ר	דָבַר	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	14 שְׁלָח	advcl	speak
20	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	22 דְּבָרִ֣ים	case	(et)
21	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 דְּבָרִ֣ים	det	the
22	דְּבָרִ֣ים	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	19 דַבֵּ֖ר	obj	words
23	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 אֵ֑לֶּה	det	(the)
24	אֵ֑לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	22 דְּבָרִ֣ים	det	these
25	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	26 לֹ֣א	advmod	?
26	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	14 שְׁלָח	parataxis	not
27	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	29 אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	case	to
28	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	det	the
29	אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	26 לֹ֣א	obl	men
30	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	31 יֹּֽשְׁבִים֙	mark	[who
31	יֹּֽשְׁבִים֙	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	29 אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	acl:relcl	are] sitting
32	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	34 חֹמָ֔ה	case	on
33	הַ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	34 חֹמָ֔ה	det	the
34	חֹמָ֔ה	חוֹמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	31 יֹּֽשְׁבִים֙	obl	wall
35	לֶ	לְ	ADP	_	36 אֱכֹ֣ל	case	to
36	אֱכֹ֣ל	אָכַל	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	31 יֹּֽשְׁבִים֙	advcl	eat
37	אֶת	אֵת	ADP	_	38 צוֹאָת	case	(et)
38	צוֹאָת	צֹאָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	36 אֱכֹ֣ל	obj	excrement
39	ָ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	38 צוֹאָת	nmod:poss	their own
40	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	42 שְׁתּ֛וֹת	cc	and
41	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	42 שְׁתּ֛וֹת	case	to
42	שְׁתּ֛וֹת	שָׁתָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	36 אֱכֹ֣ל	conj	drink
43	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	44 מימֵ֥י	case	(et)
44	מימֵ֥י	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	42 שְׁתּ֛וֹת	obj	the water
45	רַגְלֵי	רֶגֶל	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	44 מימֵ֥י	compound:smixut	their feet
46	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	45 רַגְלֵי	nmod:poss	their
47	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	48 ָכֶֽם	case	with
48	ָכֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	42 שְׁתּ֛וֹת	obl	you
49	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	48 ָכֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	רַב־ [the] Rab-
not שְׁלָח has	qatal · qal	אֲדֹנ master	ַנִי he sent me
דַבֵּר speak	infinitive construct · piel	רַב־ [the] Rab-	דְּבָרִים words
יֹּֽשְׁבִים are] sitting	participle active · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
אֱכֹל eat	infinitive construct · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men	צוֹאָת excrement
שְׁתּוֹת drink	infinitive construct · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men	מימֵי the water

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן רַבְשָׁקֵה הַעַל רִבּוֹנָךְ וַעֲלָךְ שַׁלְחַנִי רִבּוֹנִי לְמַלָלָא יַת כָּל פִּתְגָמַיָא הָאִלֵין הֲלָא עַל גַבְרַיָא דְיַתְבִין עַל שׁוּרָא לְמֵיכַל יַת מַפְקַתְהוֹן וּלְמִשְׁתֵי יַת מֵימֵי רִגְלֵיהוֹן בִּצְיָרָא עִמְכוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

But Rab-shakeh said unto them: 'Hath my master sent me to thy master, and to thee, to speak these words? hath he not sent me to the men that sit on the wall, to eat their own dung, and to drink their own water with you?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:517.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.18.27/