2 Kings 19:32 מְלָכִים ב

Who acts: LORD · What happens: say, concern, not come, shoot, come, cast · To what, where: king, arrow, mound · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Kings 19:32 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to king, arrow, mound, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לָכֵ֗ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר לֹ֤א יָבֹא֙ אֶל־הָעִ֣יר הַזֹּ֔את וְלֹֽא־יוֹרֶ֥ה שָׁ֖ם חֵ֑ץ וְלֹֽא־יְקַדְּמֶ֣נָּה מָגֵ֔ן וְלֹֽא־יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ עָלֶ֖יהָ סֹלְלָֽה׃

Therefore thus saith the LORD concerning the king of Assyria: He shall not come unto this city, nor shoot an arrow there, neither shall he come before it with shield, nor cast a mound against it.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לָ	לָכֵן	ADP	_	2 כֵ֗ן	case	therefore
2	כֵ֗ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	root	root
3	כֹּֽה־	כֹּה	ADV	_	4 אָמַ֤ר	advmod	thus
4	אָמַ֤ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 כֵ֗ן	parataxis	he says
5	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	4 אָמַ֤ר	nsubj	Yahweh
6	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	7 מֶ֣לֶךְ	case	concerning
7	מֶ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 אָמַ֤ר	obl	the king
8	אַשּׁ֔וּר	אַשּׁוּר	PROPN	_	7 מֶ֣לֶךְ	compound:smixut	of Assyria
9	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	10 יָבֹא֙	advmod	not
10	יָבֹא֙	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 אָמַ֤ר	ccomp	he will come
11	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	13 עִ֣יר	case	into
12	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 עִ֣יר	det	the
13	עִ֣יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	10 יָבֹא֙	obl	city
14	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 זֹּ֔את	det	(the)
15	זֹּ֔את	זֹאת	DET	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	13 עִ֣יר	det	this
16	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יוֹרֶ֥ה	cc	and
17	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	18 יוֹרֶ֥ה	advmod	not
18	יוֹרֶ֥ה	יָרָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	10 יָבֹא֙	conj	he will shoot
19	שָׁ֖ם	שָׁם	ADV	_	18 יוֹרֶ֥ה	advmod	there
20	חֵ֑ץ	חֵץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יוֹרֶ֥ה	obj	an arrow
21	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 יְקַדְּמ	cc	and
22	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	23 יְקַדְּמ	advmod	not
23	יְקַדְּמ	קָדַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	10 יָבֹא֙	conj	he
24	ֶ֣נָּה	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 יְקַדְּמ	obj	will confront it
25	מָגֵ֔ן	מָגֵן	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 יְקַדְּמ	obl	a shield
26	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ	cc	and
27	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	28 יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ	advmod	not
28	יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ	שָׁפַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	10 יָבֹא֙	conj	he will pour out
29	עָלֶ֖י	עַל	ADP	_	30 הָ	case	on
30	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ	obl	it
31	סֹלְלָֽה	סֹלְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	28 יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ	obj	a mound
32	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	31 סֹלְלָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
not יָבֹא he will come	yiqtol · qal	מֶלֶךְ the king
not יוֹרֶה he will shoot	yiqtol · hiphil	חֵץ an arrow		מֶלֶךְ the king
not יְקַדְּמ he	yiqtol · piel	מֶלֶךְ the king	ֶנָּה will confront it
not יִשְׁפֹּךְ he will pour out	yiqtol · qal	מֶלֶךְ the king	סֹלְלָֽה a mound

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

בְּכֵן כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ לְמַלְכָּא דְאַתּוּר לָא יֵעוֹל לְקַרְתָּא הָדָא וְלָא יַקְשִׁית תַּמָן גִיר וְלָא יְקַדְמִינָהּ בִּתְרֵיסִין וְלָא יַצְבֵּר עֲלָהּ מָלְיֵתָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Therefore thus saith the LORD concerning the king of Assyria: He shall not come unto this city, nor shoot an arrow there, neither shall he come before it with shield, nor cast a mound against it.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:559.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.19.32/