2 Kings 9:18 מְלָכִים ב

Who acts: one, king, horseback, Jehu, thou, watchman · What happens: go, meet, say, be, have, do · To what, where: Joram, peace, thee, loins · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Kings 9:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — one, king, horseback, Jehu, thou, watchman — and what happens in the verse to Joram, peace, thee, loins, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּלֶךְ֩ רֹכֵ֨ב הַסּ֜וּס לִקְרָאת֗וֹ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ הֲשָׁל֔וֹם וַיֹּ֧אמֶר יֵה֛וּא מַה־לְּךָ֥ וּלְשָׁל֖וֹם סֹ֣ב אֶֽל־אַחֲרָ֑י וַיַּגֵּ֤ד הַצֹּפֶה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר בָּֽא־הַמַּלְאָ֥ךְ עַד־הֵ֖ם וְלֹֽא־שָֽׁב׃

So there went one on horseback to meet him, and said: 'Thus saith the king: Is it peace?' And Jehu said: 'What hast thou to do with peace? turn thee behind me.' And the watchman told, saying: 'The messenger came to them, but he cometh not back.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּלֶךְ֩	cc	and
2	יֵּלֶךְ֩	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he went
3	רֹכֵ֨ב	רָכַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יֵּלֶךְ֩	nsubj	the rider
4	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 סּ֜וּס	det	of
5	סּ֜וּס	סוּס	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 רֹכֵ֨ב	compound:smixut	the horse
6	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	7 קְרָאת	case	to
7	קְרָאת	קרא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	2 יֵּלֶךְ֩	advcl	meet
8	֗וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 קְרָאת	obj	him
9	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	cc	and
10	יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּלֶךְ֩	conj	he said
11	כֹּֽה־	כֹּה	ADV	_	12 אָמַ֤ר	advmod	thus
12	אָמַ֤ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	10 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	ccomp	he says
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	det	the
14	מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 אָמַ֤ר	nsubj	king
15	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	16 שָׁל֔וֹם	advmod	?
16	שָׁל֔וֹם	שָׁלוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 אָמַ֤ר	ccomp	peace
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יֹּ֧אמֶר	cc	and
18	יֹּ֧אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּלֶךְ֩	conj	he said
19	יֵה֛וּא	יֵהוּא	PROPN	_	18 יֹּ֧אמֶר	nsubj	Jehu
20	מַה־	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	22 ְךָ֥	nsubj	what?
21	לּ	לְ	ADP	_	22 ְךָ֥	case	[is] to
22	ְךָ֥	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	18 יֹּ֧אמֶר	ccomp	you
23	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 שָׁל֖וֹם	cc	and
24	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	25 שָׁל֖וֹם	case	to
25	שָׁל֖וֹם	שָׁלוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 ְךָ֥	conj	peace
26	סֹ֣ב	סָבַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	22 ְךָ֥	parataxis	go around
27	אֶֽל־	אֶל	ADP	_	29 ָ֑י	case	to
28	אַחֲר	אַחַר	ADP	_	29 ָ֑י	case	after
29	ָ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	26 סֹ֣ב	obl	me
30	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 יַּגֵּ֤ד	cc	and
31	יַּגֵּ֤ד	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּלֶךְ֩	conj	he reported
32	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	33 צֹּפֶה֙	det	the
33	צֹּפֶה֙	צָפָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	31 יַּגֵּ֤ד	nsubj	watchman
34	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	36 בָּֽא־	mark	(cmp)
35	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	34 לֵ	fixed
36	בָּֽא־	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	31 יַּגֵּ֤ד	advcl	he came
37	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	38 מַּלְאָ֥ךְ	det	the
38	מַּלְאָ֥ךְ	מַלְאָךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	36 בָּֽא־	nsubj	messenger
39	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	40 הֵ֖ם	case	to
40	הֵ֖ם	הֵם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 בָּֽא־	obl	they
41	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	43 שָֽׁב	cc	and
42	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	43 שָֽׁב	advmod	not
43	שָֽׁב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּלֶךְ֩	conj	he has turned back
44	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	43 שָֽׁב	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֵּלֶךְ he went	wayyiqtol · qal	רֹכֵב the rider
רֹכֵב the rider	participle active · qal		סּוּס the horse
קְרָאת meet	infinitive construct · qal	רֹכֵב the rider	וֹ him
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	רֹכֵב the rider
אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יֵהוּא Jehu
סֹב go around	imperative · qal	רֹכֵב the rider
יַּגֵּד he reported	wayyiqtol · hiphil	צֹּפֶה watchman
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	צֹּפֶה watchman
בָּֽא־ he came	qatal · qal	מַּלְאָךְ messenger
not שָֽׁב he has turned back	qatal · qal	מַּלְאָךְ messenger

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲזַל רָכִיב סוּסְיָא לָקֳדָמוּתֵיהּ וַאֲמַר כִּדְנַן אֲמַר מַלְכָּא הַשְׁלָם וַאֲמַר יֵהוּא מַה לָךְ וְלִשְׁלָם אִסְתְּחַר לַאֲחוֹרָי וְחַוֵי סַכְוָאָה לְמֵימַר אֲתָא אִזְגַדָא עַד לְוַתְהוֹן וְלָא תָב:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

So there went one on horseback to meet him, and said: 'Thus saith the king: Is it peace?' And Jehu said: 'What hast thou to do with peace? turn thee behind me.' And the watchman told, saying: 'The messenger came to them, but he cometh not back.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:240.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.9.18/