2 Samuel 11:20 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: thing, wrath, ye, kings · What happens: be, arise, say, go, fight, not know · To what, where: wall · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 11:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thing, wrath, ye, kings — and what happens in the verse to wall, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהָיָ֗ה אִֽם־תַּעֲלֶה֙ חֲמַ֣ת הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְאָמַ֣ר לְךָ֔ מַדּ֛וּעַ נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֥ם אֶל־הָעִ֖יר לְהִלָּחֵ֑ם הֲל֣וֹא יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־יֹר֖וּ מֵעַ֥ל הַחוֹמָֽה׃

it shall be that, if the king's wrath arise, and he say unto thee: Wherefore went ye so nigh unto the city to fight? knew ye not that they would shoot from the wall?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 הָיָ֗ה	cc	and
2	הָיָ֗ה	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it will be
3	אִֽם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	4 תַּעֲלֶה֙	mark	if
4	תַּעֲלֶה֙	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 הָיָ֗ה	parataxis	it will rise
5	חֲמַ֣ת	חֵמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 תַּעֲלֶה֙	nsubj	the anger
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	det	of
7	מֶּ֔לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 חֲמַ֣ת	compound:smixut	the king
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 אָמַ֣ר	cc	and
9	אָמַ֣ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 תַּעֲלֶה֙	conj	he will say
10	ל	לְ	ADP	_	11 ְךָ֔	case	to
11	ְךָ֔	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 אָמַ֣ר	obl	you
12	מַדּ֛וּעַ	מַדּוּעַ	ADV	_	13 נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֥ם	advmod	why?
13	נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֥ם	נָגַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=2	9 אָמַ֣ר	ccomp	did you draw near
14	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	16 עִ֖יר	case	to
15	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 עִ֖יר	det	the
16	עִ֖יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֥ם	obl	city
17	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	18 הִלָּחֵ֑ם	case	to
18	הִלָּחֵ֑ם	לָחַם	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	13 נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֥ם	advcl	fight
19	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	21 יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם	advmod	?
20	ל֣וֹא	לֹא	ADV	_	21 יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם	advmod	not
21	יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	13 נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֥ם	parataxis	did you know
22	אֵ֥ת	אֵת	ADP	_	21 יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם	obj	(et)
23	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	24 יֹר֖וּ	mark	how
24	יֹר֖וּ	ירה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	22 אֵ֥ת	acl:relcl	they will shoot
25	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	28 חוֹמָֽה	case	from
26	עַ֥ל	עַל	ADP	_	28 חוֹמָֽה	case	on
27	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 חוֹמָֽה	det	the
28	חוֹמָֽה	חוֹמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	24 יֹר֖וּ	obl	wall
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 חוֹמָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תַּעֲלֶה it will rise	yiqtol · qal	חֲמַת the anger
אָמַר he will say	weqatal · qal	מֶּלֶךְ the king	נִגַּשְׁתֶּם did you draw near
נִגַּשְׁתֶּם did you draw near	qatal · niphal
הִלָּחֵם fight	infinitive construct · niphal
not יְדַעְתֶּם did you know	qatal · qal		יֹרוּ they will shoot
יֹרוּ they will shoot	yiqtol · hiphil	עִיר city

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וִיהֵי אִם יִדְלַק רוּגְזָא דְמַלְכָּא וְיֵימַר לָךְ מָא דֵין אִתְקַרֵבְתּוּן לְקַרְתָּא לְאַגָחָא הֲלָא יְדַעְתּוּן יַת דְיִרְמוֹן עֲלֵיכוֹן מִן שׁוּרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

it shall be that, if the king's wrath arise, and he say unto thee: Wherefore went ye so nigh unto the city to fight? knew ye not that they would shoot from the wall?

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:256.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.11.20/