2 Samuel 11:20 · JPS 1917
it shall be that, if the king's wrath arise, and he say unto thee: Wherefore went ye so nigh unto the city to fight? knew ye not that they would shoot from the wall?
Who acts: thing, wrath, ye, kings · What happens: be, arise, say, go, fight, not know · To what, where: wall · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Samuel 11:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thing, wrath, ye, kings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 that | nsubj |
| 2 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 that | aux |
| 3 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 that | cop |
| 4 | that | that | ADJ | _ | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 arise | punct |
| 6 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 11 arise | mark |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 king | det |
| 8 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 wrath | nmod:poss |
| 9 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 8 king | case |
| 10 | wrath | wrath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 arise | nsubj |
| 11 | arise | arise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 knew | advcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 say | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 say | cc |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 say | nsubj |
| 15 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres Typo=Yes VerbForm=Fin | 11 arise | conj |
| 16 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 17 thee | case |
| 17 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 15 say | obl |
| 18 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 20 went | punct |
| 19 | Wherefore | wherefore | ADV | PronType=Int | 20 went | advmod |
| 20 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 knew | advcl |
| 21 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 20 went | nsubj |
| 22 | so | so | ADV | _ | 23 nigh | advmod |
| 23 | nigh | nigh | ADV | _ | 20 went | advmod |
| 24 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 26 city | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 city | det |
| 26 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 went | obl |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 fight | mark |
| 28 | fight | fight | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 went | advcl |
| 29 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 20 went | punct |
| 30 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 that | parataxis |
| 31 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 30 knew | nsubj |
| 32 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 30 knew | advmod |
| 33 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 36 shoot | mark |
| 34 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 shoot | nsubj |
| 35 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 shoot | aux |
| 36 | shoot | shoot | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 knew | ccomp |
| 37 | from | from | ADP | _ | 39 wall | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 wall | det |
| 39 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 shoot | obl |
| 40 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 that | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- ask
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | shall | thing | that property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | arise a condition, not said to happen | present | the king's wrath | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | present | wrath | unto thee | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | go | past | ye | unto the city; nigh, wherefore property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | fight | to-infinitive | ye not said here | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | not know | past | ye | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 7 | shoot | would | kings = king | the wall | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent from wall=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְהָיָ֗ה אִֽם־תַּעֲלֶה֙ חֲמַ֣ת הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְאָמַ֣ר לְךָ֔ מַדּ֛וּעַ נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֥ם אֶל־הָעִ֖יר לְהִלָּחֵ֑ם הֲל֣וֹא יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־יֹר֖וּ מֵעַ֥ל הַחוֹמָֽה׃
2 Samuel 11:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:289 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.289/