2 Samuel 16:13 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: David, Shimei · What happens: go, go along, curse, throw, cast · To what, where: hill side, stones, dust

This is 2 Samuel 16:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Shimei — and what happens in the verse to hill side, stones, dust, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּ֧לֶךְ דָּוִ֛ד וַאֲנָשָׁ֖יו בַּדָּ֑רֶךְס וְשִׁמְעִ֡י הֹלֵךְ֩ בְּצֵ֨לַע הָהָ֜ר לְעֻמָּת֗וֹ הָלוֹךְ֙ וַיְקַלֵּ֔ל וַיְסַקֵּ֤ל בָּֽאֲבָנִים֙ לְעֻמָּת֔וֹ וְעִפַּ֖ר בֶּעָפָֽר׃פ

So David and his men went by the way; and Shimei went along on the hill-side over against him, and cursed as he went, and threw stones at him, and cast dust.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּ֧לֶךְ	cc	and
2	יֵּ֧לֶךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he went
3	דָּוִ֛ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֵּ֧לֶךְ	nsubj	David
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 אֲנָשָׁ֖י	cc	and
5	אֲנָשָׁ֖י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 דָּוִ֛ד	conj	men
6	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 אֲנָשָׁ֖י	nmod:poss	his
7	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 דָּ֑רֶךְ	case	on
8	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 דָּ֑רֶךְ	det	the
9	דָּ֑רֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 יֵּ֧לֶךְ	obl	road
10	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	9 דָּ֑רֶךְ	punct
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 הֹלֵךְ֩	cc	and
12	שִׁמְעִ֡י	שִׁמְעִי	PROPN	_	13 הֹלֵךְ֩	nsubj	Shimei
13	הֹלֵךְ֩	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יֵּ֧לֶךְ	conj	[was] going
14	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	15 צֵ֨לַע	case	on
15	צֵ֨לַע	צֵלָע	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 הֹלֵךְ֩	obl	the side
16	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 הָ֜ר	det	of
17	הָ֜ר	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 צֵ֨לַע	compound:smixut	the mountain
18	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	19 עֻמָּת	case	parallel
19	עֻמָּת	עֻמָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 הֹלֵךְ֩	obl	with
20	֗וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 עֻמָּת	nmod:poss	him
21	הָלוֹךְ֙	הָלַךְ	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	23 יְקַלֵּ֔ל	parataxis	he went
22	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 יְקַלֵּ֔ל	cc	and
23	יְקַלֵּ֔ל	קָלַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	13 הֹלֵךְ֩	advcl	he cursed
24	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 יְסַקֵּ֤ל	cc	and
25	יְסַקֵּ֤ל	סָקַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֧לֶךְ	conj	he stoned [them]
26	בָּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	28 אֲבָנִים֙	case	with
27	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 אֲבָנִים֙	det	(the)
28	אֲבָנִים֙	אֶבֶן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	25 יְסַקֵּ֤ל	obl	stones
29	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	30 עֻמָּת	case	parallel
30	עֻמָּת	עֻמָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	25 יְסַקֵּ֤ל	obl	with
31	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 עֻמָּת	nmod:poss	him
32	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	33 עִפַּ֖ר	cc	and
33	עִפַּ֖ר	עָפַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֧לֶךְ	conj	he dusted [them]
34	בֶּ	בְּ	ADP	_	36 עָפָֽר	case	with
35	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	36 עָפָֽר	det	(the)
36	עָפָֽר	עָפָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	33 עִפַּ֖ר	obl	dust
37	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	36 עָפָֽר	punct
38	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	36 עָפָֽר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יֵּלֶךְ he went	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David + אֲנָשָׁי men
הֹלֵךְ [was] going	participle active · qal
הָלוֹךְ he went	infinitive absolute · qal
יְקַלֵּל he cursed	wayyiqtol · piel
יְסַקֵּל he stoned [them]	wayyiqtol · piel
עִפַּר he dusted [them]	weqatal · piel

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲזַל דָוִד וְגַבְרוֹהִי בְּאוֹרְחָא וְשִׁמְעִי אָזֵיל בִּסְטַר טוּרָא לְקִבְלֵיהּ אָזֵיל וּמְלַטֵט וּמְרַגֵם בְּאַבְנַיָא לְקִיבְלֵיהּ וּמַשְׁדֵי עַפְרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

So David and his men went by the way; and Shimei went along on the hill-side over against him, and cursed as he went, and threw stones at him, and cast dust.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:416.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.13/