2 Samuel 17:18 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: lad, Jonathan, man · What happens: see, tell, go, come, have, go down · To what, where: Jonathan, Absalom, house, well, court · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 17:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — lad, Jonathan, man — and what happens in the verse to Jonathan, Absalom, house, well, court, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּ֤רְא אֹתָם֙ נַ֔עַר וַיַּגֵּ֖ד לְאַבְשָׁלֹ֑ם וַיֵּלְכוּ֩ שְׁנֵיהֶ֨ם מְהֵרָ֜ה וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ ׀ אֶל־בֵּֽית־אִ֣ישׁ בְּבַחוּרִ֗ים וְל֥וֹ בְאֵ֛ר בַּחֲצֵר֖וֹ וַיֵּ֥רְדוּ שָֽׁם׃

But a lad saw them, and told Absalom; and they went both of them away quickly, and came to the house of a man in Bahurim, who had a well in his court; and they went down thither.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּ֤רְא	cc	and
2	יַּ֤רְא	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he saw
3	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	4 ָם֙	case
4	ָם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יַּ֤רְא	obj	them
5	נַ֔עַר	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יַּ֤רְא	nsubj	a young man
6	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יַּגֵּ֖ד	cc	and
7	יַּגֵּ֖ד	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֤רְא	conj	he told
8	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	9 אַבְשָׁלֹ֑ם	case	to
9	אַבְשָׁלֹ֑ם	אַבְשָׁלֹום	PROPN	_	7 יַּגֵּ֖ד	obl	Absalom
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יֵּלְכוּ֩	cc	and
11	יֵּלְכוּ֩	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּ֤רְא	conj	they went
12	שְׁנֵי	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	13 הֶ֨ם	nummod	the two
13	הֶ֨ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 יֵּלְכוּ֩	nsubj	of them
14	מְהֵרָ֜ה	מְהֵרָה	ADV	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	11 יֵּלְכוּ֩	advmod	quickly
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יָּבֹ֣אוּ	cc	and
16	יָּבֹ֣אוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּ֤רְא	conj	they came
17	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	16 יָּבֹ֣אוּ	punct
18	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	19 בֵּֽית־	case	to
19	בֵּֽית־	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יָּבֹ֣אוּ	obl	[the] house
20	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 בֵּֽית־	compound:smixut	of a man
21	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	22 בַחוּרִ֗ים	case	in
22	בַחוּרִ֗ים	בַּחֻרִים	PROPN	_	16 יָּבֹ֣אוּ	obl	Bahurim
23	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 חֲצֵר	cc	and [belonged]
24	ל	לְ	ADP	_	25 ֥וֹ	case	to
25	֥וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 חֲצֵר	obl	him
26	בְאֵ֛ר	בְּאֵר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	28 חֲצֵר	nsubj	a well
27	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	28 חֲצֵר	case	in
28	חֲצֵר	חָצֵר	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 יַּ֤רְא	conj	courtyard
29	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 חֲצֵר	nmod:poss	his
30	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 יֵּ֥רְדוּ	cc	and
31	יֵּ֥רְדוּ	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּ֤רְא	conj	they went down
32	שָֽׁם	שָׁם	ADV	_	31 יֵּ֥רְדוּ	advmod	there
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 שָֽׁם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יַּרְא he saw	wayyiqtol · qal	נַעַר a young man	ָם them
יַּגֵּד he told	wayyiqtol · hiphil	נַעַר a young man
יֵּלְכוּ they went	wayyiqtol · qal	הֶם of them
יָּבֹאוּ they came	wayyiqtol · qal
יֵּרְדוּ they went down	wayyiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַחֲזָא יַתְהוֹן עוּלֵימָא וְחַוִי לְאַבְשָׁלוֹם וַאֲזַלוּ תַרְוֵיהוֹן בִּפְרִיעַ וְעָלוּ לְבֵית גַבְרָא בְּעָלֵימַת וְלֵיהּ גוֹבָא בְּדַרְתֵּיהּ וּנְחָתוּ תַמָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

But a lad saw them, and told Absalom; and they went both of them away quickly, and came to the house of a man in Bahurim, who had a well in his court; and they went down thither.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:444.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.17.18/