2 Samuel 17:17 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: Jonathan, maid servant · What happens: stay, use, go, tell, not see, come · To what, where: Jonathan, king David, city · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 17:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jonathan, maid servant — and what happens in the verse to Jonathan, king David, city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וִיהוֹנָתָ֨ן וַאֲחִימַ֜עַץ עֹמְדִ֣ים בְּעֵינ־רֹגֵ֗לעֵינ־רֹגֵ֗ל וְהָלְכָ֤ה הַשִּׁפְחָה֙ וְהִגִּ֣ידָה לָהֶ֔ם וְהֵם֙ יֵֽלְכ֔וּ וְהִגִּ֖ידוּ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֑ד כִּ֣י לֹ֥א יוּכְל֛וּ לְהֵרָא֖וֹת לָב֥וֹא הָעִֽירָה׃

Now Jonathan and Ahimaaz stayed by En-rogel; and a maid-servant used to go and tell them; and they went and told king David; for they might not be seen to come into the city.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וִ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 עֹמְדִ֣ים	cc	and
2	יהוֹנָתָ֨ן	יְהוֹנָתָן	PROPN	_	5 עֹמְדִ֣ים	nsubj	Jonathan
3	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 אֲחִימַ֜עַץ	cc	and
4	אֲחִימַ֜עַץ	אֲחִימַעַץ	PROPN	_	2 יהוֹנָתָ֨ן	conj	Ahimaaz
5	עֹמְדִ֣ים	עָמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	root	root	[were] remaining
6	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	7 עֵינ־רֹגֵ֗ל	case	at
7	עֵינ־רֹגֵ֗ל	עֵין־רֹגֵל	PROPN	_	5 עֹמְדִ֣ים	obl	En
8	עֵינ־רֹגֵ֗ל	עֵין־רֹגֵל	PROPN	_	7 עֵינ־רֹגֵ֗ל	nmod	Rogel
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 הָלְכָ֤ה	cc	and
10	הָלְכָ֤ה	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 עֹמְדִ֣ים	conj	she went
11	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 שִּׁפְחָה֙	det	the
12	שִּׁפְחָה֙	שִׁפְחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	10 הָלְכָ֤ה	nsubj	maidservant
13	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 הִגִּ֣ידָה	cc	and
14	הִגִּ֣ידָה	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	5 עֹמְדִ֣ים	conj	she told
15	ל	לְ	ADP	_	16 ָהֶ֔ם	case	to
16	ָהֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 הִגִּ֣ידָה	obl	them
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יֵֽלְכ֔וּ	cc	and
18	הֵם֙	הֵם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 יֵֽלְכ֔וּ	nsubj	they
19	יֵֽלְכ֔וּ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 עֹמְדִ֣ים	conj	they went
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 הִגִּ֖ידוּ	cc	and
21	הִגִּ֖ידוּ	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	5 עֹמְדִ֣ים	conj	they told
22	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	24 מֶּ֣לֶךְ	case	to
23	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 מֶּ֣לֶךְ	det	the
24	מֶּ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 הִגִּ֖ידוּ	obl	king
25	דָּוִ֑ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	24 מֶּ֣לֶךְ	appos	David
26	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	28 יוּכְל֛וּ	mark	(dm)
27	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	28 יוּכְל֛וּ	advmod	not
28	יוּכְל֛וּ	יָכֹל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 עֹמְדִ֣ים	advcl	they were able
29	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	30 הֵרָא֖וֹת	case	to
30	הֵרָא֖וֹת	רָאָה	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	28 יוּכְל֛וּ	xcomp	be seen
31	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	32 ב֥וֹא	case	to
32	ב֥וֹא	בּוֹא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	28 יוּכְל֛וּ	xcomp	go
33	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	34 עִֽיר	det	to
34	עִֽיר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	32 ב֥וֹא	obl	the
35	ָה	ה	X	_	34 עִֽיר	nmod	city
36	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	35 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
עֹמְדִים [were] remaining	participle active · qal	יהוֹנָתָן Jonathan + אֲחִימַעַץ Ahimaaz
הָלְכָה she went	weqatal · qal	הָלְכָה she went
הִגִּידָה she told	weqatal · hiphil	הָלְכָה she went
יֵֽלְכוּ they went	yiqtol · qal	ָהֶם them
הִגִּידוּ they told	weqatal · hiphil	יהוֹנָתָן Jonathan + אֲחִימַעַץ Ahimaaz
not יוּכְלוּ they were able	yiqtol · qal	יהוֹנָתָן Jonathan + אֲחִימַעַץ Ahimaaz
הֵרָאוֹת be seen	infinitive construct · niphal		יהוֹנָתָן Jonathan + אֲחִימַעַץ Ahimaaz
בוֹא go	infinitive construct · qal	יהוֹנָתָן Jonathan + אֲחִימַעַץ Ahimaaz

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וִיהוֹנָתָן וַאֲחִימַעַץ קַיְימִין בְּעֵין קַצְרָא וַאֲזַלַת אַמְתָא וְחַוִיאַת לְהוֹן וְאִינוּן יֵיזְלוּן וְחַוִיאוּ לְמַלְכָּא דָוִד אֲרֵי לָא יָכְלִין לְאִיתְחַזָאָה לְמֵיעַל לְקַרְתָּא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Now Jonathan and Ahimaaz stayed by En-rogel; and a maid-servant used to go and tell them; and they went and told king David; for they might not be seen to come into the city.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:443.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.17.17/