2 Samuel 17:21 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: servant, groats, ye, Ahithophel · What happens: come, pass, depart, come up, go, tell · To what, where: groats, well, king David, water · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 17:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — servant, groats, ye, Ahithophel — and what happens in the verse to groats, well, king David, water, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֣י ׀ אַחֲרֵ֣י לֶכְתָּ֗ם וַֽיַּעֲלוּ֙ מֵֽהַבְּאֵ֔ר וַיֵּ֣לְכ֔וּ וַיַּגִּ֖דוּ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֑ד וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד ק֣וּמוּ וְעִבְר֤וּ מְהֵרָה֙ אֶת־הַמַּ֔יִם כִּי־כָ֛כָה יָעַ֥ץ עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם אֲחִיתֹֽפֶל׃

And it came to pass, after they were departed, that they came up out of the well, and went and told king David; and they said unto David: 'Arise ye, and pass quickly over the water; for thus hath Ahithophel counselled against you.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֣י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֣י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	2 יְהִ֣י	punct
4	אַחֲרֵ֣י	אַחַר	ADP	_	5 לֶכְתּ	case	after
5	לֶכְתּ	הלך	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	2 יְהִ֣י	advcl	they
6	ָ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 לֶכְתּ	nsubj	had gone
7	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יַּעֲלוּ֙	cc	and
8	יַּעֲלוּ֙	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יְהִ֣י	conj	they came up
9	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	11 בְּאֵ֔ר	case	from
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 בְּאֵ֔ר	det	the
11	בְּאֵ֔ר	בְּאֵר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 יַּעֲלוּ֙	obl	well
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יֵּ֣לְכ֔וּ	cc	and
13	יֵּ֣לְכ֔וּ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יְהִ֣י	conj	they went
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יַּגִּ֖דוּ	cc	and
15	יַּגִּ֖דוּ	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יְהִ֣י	conj	they told
16	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	18 מֶּ֣לֶךְ	case	to
17	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 מֶּ֣לֶךְ	det	the
18	מֶּ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יַּגִּ֖דוּ	obl	king
19	דָּוִ֑ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	18 מֶּ֣לֶךְ	appos	David
20	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יֹּאמְר֣וּ	cc	and
21	יֹּאמְר֣וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יְהִ֣י	conj	they said
22	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	23 דָּוִ֗ד	case	to
23	דָּוִ֗ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	21 יֹּאמְר֣וּ	obl	David
24	ק֣וּמוּ	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	21 יֹּאמְר֣וּ	ccomp	arise
25	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 עִבְר֤וּ	cc	and
26	עִבְר֤וּ	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	24 ק֣וּמוּ	conj	pass over
27	מְהֵרָה֙	מְהֵרָה	ADV	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	26 עִבְר֤וּ	advmod	quickly
28	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	30 מַּ֔יִם	case	(et)
29	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	30 מַּ֔יִם	det	the
30	מַּ֔יִם	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	26 עִבְר֤וּ	obl	water
31	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	33 יָעַ֥ץ	mark	(dm)
32	כָ֛כָה	כָּכָה	ADV	_	33 יָעַ֥ץ	advmod	thus
33	יָעַ֥ץ	יָעַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	24 ק֣וּמוּ	advcl	he has counseled
34	עֲלֵי	עַל	ADP	_	35 כֶ֖ם	case	on
35	כֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	33 יָעַ֥ץ	obl	you
36	אֲחִיתֹֽפֶל	אֲחִיתֹפֶל	PROPN	_	33 יָעַ֥ץ	nsubj	Ahithophel
37	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	36 אֲחִיתֹֽפֶל	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
לֶכְתּ they	infinitive construct · qal	ָם had gone
יַּעֲלוּ they came up	wayyiqtol · qal
יֵּלְכוּ they went	wayyiqtol · qal
יַּגִּדוּ they told	wayyiqtol · hiphil
יֹּאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal
קוּמוּ arise	imperative · qal	דָּוִד David
עִבְרוּ pass over	imperative · qal	דָּוִד David
יָעַץ he has counseled	qatal · qal	אֲחִיתֹֽפֶל Ahithophel

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲוָה בָּתַר מֵיזַלְהוֹן וּסְלִיקוּ מִגוֹבָא וַאֲזַלוּ וְחַוִיאוּ לְמַלְכָּא דָוִד וַאֲמַרוּ לְדָוִד קוּמוּ וֶעֱבַרוּ בִּפְרִיעַ יַת יַרְדְנָא אֲרֵי כְדֵין מְלִיךְ עֲלֵיכוֹן אֲחִיתוֹפֶל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass, after they were departed, that they came up out of the well, and went and told king David; and they said unto David: 'Arise ye, and pass quickly over the water; for thus hath Ahithophel counselled against you.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:447.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.17.21/