2 Samuel 19:12 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: king David, ye · What happens: send, say, speak, be, bring back, come · To what, where: Zadok, king, house, speech, Israel · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 19:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king David, ye — and what happens in the verse to Zadok, king, house, speech, Israel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֗ד שָׁ֠לַח אֶל־צָד֨וֹק וְאֶל־אֶבְיָתָ֥ר הַכֹּהֲנִים֮ לֵאמֹר֒ דַּבְּר֞וּ אֶל־זִקְנֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לָ֤מָּה תִֽהְיוּ֙ אַֽחֲרֹנִ֔ים לְהָשִׁ֥יב אֶת־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֶל־בֵּית֑וֹ וּדְבַר֙ כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בָּ֥א אֶל־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֶל־בֵּיתֽוֹ׃

And king David sent to Zadok and to Abiathar the priests, saying: 'Speak unto the elders of Judah, saying: Why are ye the last to bring the king back to his house? — For the speech of all Israel was come to the king, to bring him to his house. —

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 שָׁ֠לַח	cc	and
2	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 מֶּ֣לֶךְ	det	the
3	מֶּ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 שָׁ֠לַח	nsubj	king
4	דָּוִ֗ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	3 מֶּ֣לֶךְ	appos	David
5	שָׁ֠לַח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he sent
6	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	7 צָד֨וֹק	case	to
7	צָד֨וֹק	צָדוֹק	PROPN	_	5 שָׁ֠לַח	obl	Zadok
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 אֶבְיָתָ֥ר	cc	and
9	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	10 אֶבְיָתָ֥ר	case	to
10	אֶבְיָתָ֥ר	אֶבְיָתָר	PROPN	_	7 צָד֨וֹק	conj	Abiathar
11	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 כֹּהֲנִים֮	det	the
12	כֹּהֲנִים֮	כֹּהֵן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 צָד֨וֹק	nmod	priests
13	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	15 דַּבְּר֞וּ	mark	(cmp)
14	אמֹר֒	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	13 לֵ	fixed
15	דַּבְּר֞וּ	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=2	5 שָׁ֠לַח	advcl	speak
16	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	17 זִקְנֵ֤י	case	to
17	זִקְנֵ֤י	זָקֵן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 דַּבְּר֞וּ	obl	the elders
18	יְהוּדָה֙	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	17 זִקְנֵ֤י	compound:smixut	of Judah
19	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	24 אַֽחֲרֹנִ֔ים	mark	(cmp)
20	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	19 לֵ	fixed
21	לָ֤	לָמָה	ADP	_	22 מָּה	case
22	מָּה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	24 אַֽחֲרֹנִ֔ים	obl	why?
23	תִֽהְיוּ֙	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	24 אַֽחֲרֹנִ֔ים	cop	will you be
24	אַֽחֲרֹנִ֔ים	אַחֲרוֹן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 דַּבְּר֞וּ	ccomp	[the] last [people]
25	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	26 הָשִׁ֥יב	case	to
26	הָשִׁ֥יב	שׁוּב	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	24 אַֽחֲרֹנִ֔ים	advcl	bring back
27	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	29 מֶּ֖לֶךְ	case	(et)
28	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 מֶּ֖לֶךְ	det	the
29	מֶּ֖לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 הָשִׁ֥יב	obj	king
30	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	31 בֵּית	case	to
31	בֵּית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 הָשִׁ֥יב	obl	house
32	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 בֵּית	nmod:poss	his
33	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	37 בָּ֥א	cc	and
34	דְבַר֙	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	37 בָּ֥א	nsubj	the word
35	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	34 דְבַר֙	compound:smixut	of all
36	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	35 כָּל־	compound:smixut	Israel
37	בָּ֥א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	24 אַֽחֲרֹנִ֔ים	conj	it has come
38	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	40 מֶּ֖לֶךְ	case	to
39	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	40 מֶּ֖לֶךְ	det	the
40	מֶּ֖לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	37 בָּ֥א	obl	king
41	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	42 בֵּית	case	to
42	בֵּית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	37 בָּ֥א	obl	house
43	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	42 בֵּית	nmod:poss	his
44	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	43 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
שָׁלַח he sent	qatal · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king
דַּבְּרוּ speak	imperative · piel	צָדוֹק Zadok + אֶבְיָתָר Abiathar
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	צָדוֹק Zadok + אֶבְיָתָר Abiathar
תִֽהְיוּ will you be	yiqtol · qal	זִקְנֵי the elders
הָשִׁיב bring back	infinitive construct · hiphil	מֶּלֶךְ king	זִקְנֵי the elders
בָּא it has come	qatal · qal	דְבַר the word

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּמַלְכָּא דָוִד שְׁלַח לְצָדוֹק וּלְאֶבְיָתָר כַּהֲנַיָא לְמֵימַר מַלִילוּ לְסָבֵי יְהוּדָה לְמֵימַר לְמָא תְהוֹן בַּתְרָאִין לַאֲתָבָא יַת מַלְכָּא לְבֵיתֵיהּ וּפִתְגַם כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲתָא לְוַת מַלְכָּא לְבֵיתֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And king David sent to Zadok and to Abiathar the priests, saying: 'Speak unto the elders of Judah, saying: Why are ye the last to bring the king back to his house? — For the speech of all Israel was come to the king, to bring him to his house. —

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:499.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.12/