2 Samuel 2:21 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: Abner, Asahel · What happens: say, turn, lay, take, not turn, follow · To what, where: Asahel, thee, right hand, armour, Abner · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 2:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abner, Asahel — and what happens in the verse to Asahel, thee, right hand, armour, Abner, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֧אמֶר ל֣וֹ אַבְנֵ֗ר נְטֵ֤ה לְךָ֙ עַל־יְמִֽינְךָ֙ א֣וֹ עַל־שְׂמֹאלֶ֔ךָ וֶאֱחֹ֣ז לְךָ֗ אֶחָד֙ מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֔ים וְקַח־לְךָ֖ אֶת־חֲלִצָת֑וֹ וְלֹֽא־אָבָ֣ה עֲשָׂהאֵ֔ל לָס֖וּר מֵאַחֲרָֽיו׃

And Abner said to him: 'Turn thee aside to thy right hand or to thy left, and lay thee hold on one of the young men, and take thee his armour.' But Asahel would not turn aside from following him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֧אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֧אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	ל	לְ	ADP	_	4 ֣וֹ	case	to
4	֣וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יֹּ֧אמֶר	obl	him
5	אַבְנֵ֗ר	אַבְנֵר	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֧אמֶר	nsubj	Abner
6	נְטֵ֤ה	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יֹּ֧אמֶר	ccomp	turn aside
7	ל	לְ	ADP	_	8 ְךָ֙	case	(for
8	ְךָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 נְטֵ֤ה	obl	yourself
9	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	10 יְמִֽינ	case	to
10	יְמִֽינ	יָמִין	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	6 נְטֵ֤ה	obl	right
11	ְךָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 יְמִֽינ	nmod:poss	your
12	א֣וֹ	אוֹ	CCONJ	_	14 שְׂמֹאל	cc	or
13	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	14 שְׂמֹאל	case	to
14	שְׂמֹאל	שְׂמֹאל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 יְמִֽינ	conj	left
15	ֶ֔ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	14 שְׂמֹאל	nmod:poss	your
16	וֶ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 אֱחֹ֣ז	cc	and
17	אֱחֹ֣ז	אָחַז	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	6 נְטֵ֤ה	conj	seize
18	ל	לְ	ADP	_	19 ְךָ֗	case	for
19	ְךָ֗	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	17 אֱחֹ֣ז	obl	yourself
20	אֶחָד֙	אֶחָד	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 אֱחֹ֣ז	obj	one
21	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	23 נְּעָרִ֔ים	case	of
22	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 נְּעָרִ֔ים	det	the young
23	נְּעָרִ֔ים	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	20 אֶחָד֙	nmod	men
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 קַח־	cc	and
25	קַח־	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	6 נְטֵ֤ה	conj	take
26	ל	לְ	ADP	_	27 ְךָ֖	case	for
27	ְךָ֖	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	25 קַח־	obl	yourself
28	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	29 חֲלִצָת	case	(et)
29	חֲלִצָת	חֲלִיצָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	25 קַח־	obj	spoil
30	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 חֲלִצָת	nmod:poss	his
31	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	33 אָבָ֣ה	cc	and
32	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	33 אָבָ֣ה	advmod	not
33	אָבָ֣ה	אָבָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 נְטֵ֤ה	conj	he was willing
34	עֲשָׂהאֵ֔ל	עֲשָׂהאֵל	PROPN	_	33 אָבָ֣ה	nsubj	Asahel
35	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	36 ס֖וּר	case	to
36	ס֖וּר	סוּר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	33 אָבָ֣ה	xcomp	turn aside
37	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	39 ו	case	from
38	אַחֲרָֽי	אַחַר	ADP	_	39 ו	case	after
39	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 ס֖וּר	obl	him
40	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	39 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	אַבְנֵר Abner
נְטֵה turn aside	imperative · qal
אֱחֹז seize	imperative · qal		אֶחָד one
קַח־ take	imperative · qal		חֲלִצָת spoil
not אָבָה he was willing	qatal · qal	עֲשָׂהאֵל Asahel
סוּר turn aside	infinitive construct · qal	עֲשָׂהאֵל Asahel

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ אַבְנֵר אִיתְפְנֵי לָךְ עַל יְמִינָךְ אוֹ עַל סְמָלָךְ וְאֵיחוּד לָךְ חַד מֵעוּלֵימַיָא וְסַב לָךְ יַת זְרָזֵיהּ וְלָא אָבָה עֲשָׂהאֵל לְמֵיזַר מִבַּתְרוֹהִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Abner said to him: 'Turn thee aside to thy right hand or to thy left, and lay thee hold on one of the young men, and take thee his armour.' But Asahel would not turn aside from following him.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:47.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.21/