2 Samuel 2:21 · JPS 1917
And Abner said to him: 'Turn thee aside to thy right hand or to thy left, and lay thee hold on one of the young men, and take thee his armour.' But Asahel would not turn aside from following him.
Who acts: Abner, Asahel · What happens: say, turn, lay, take, not turn, follow · To what, where: Asahel, thee, right hand, armour, Abner · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Samuel 2:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abner, Asahel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | Abner | Abner | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 him | case |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | obl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 Turn | punct |
| 7 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 8 Turn | punct |
| 8 | Turn | turn | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | ccomp |
| 9 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 8 Turn | obj |
| 10 | aside | aside | ADV | _ | 8 Turn | advmod |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 hand | case |
| 12 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 14 hand | nmod:poss |
| 13 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 hand | amod |
| 14 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Turn | obl |
| 15 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 18 left | cc |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 left | case |
| 17 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 18 left | nmod:poss |
| 18 | left | left | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 hand | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 lay | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 lay | cc |
| 21 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 8 Turn | conj |
| 22 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 21 lay | obj |
| 23 | hold | hold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 lay | obj |
| 24 | on | on | ADP | _ | 25 one | case |
| 25 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 hold | nmod |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 men | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 men | det |
| 28 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 men | amod |
| 29 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 one | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 take | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 take | cc |
| 32 | take | take | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 21 lay | conj |
| 33 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 32 take | iobj |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 armour | nmod:poss |
| 35 | armour | armour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 take | obj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 37 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 38 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 42 turn | cc |
| 39 | Asahel | Asahel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 turn | nsubj |
| 40 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 turn | aux |
| 41 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 42 turn | advmod |
| 42 | turn | turn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | conj |
| 43 | aside | aside | ADV | _ | 42 turn | advmod |
| 44 | from | from | ADP | _ | 45 following | mark |
| 45 | following | follow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 42 turn | advcl |
| 46 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 following | obj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Abner | Asahel | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to he=Experiencer clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | turn | infinitive | thee | thy right hand or thy left | aside property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent thou=Theme to hand=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | lay | infinitive | thee | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent thou=Theme hold=Destination | |||||
| 4 | take | infinitive | Abner's armour | thee | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument thou=Theme armour=Destination | ||||
| 5 | not turn | would | Asahel | aside property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | follow | gerund | Asahel not said here | Abner | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֧אמֶר ל֣וֹ אַבְנֵ֗ר נְטֵ֤ה לְךָ֙ עַל־יְמִֽינְךָ֙ א֣וֹ עַל־שְׂמֹאלֶ֔ךָ וֶאֱחֹ֣ז לְךָ֗ אֶחָד֙ מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֔ים וְקַח־לְךָ֖ אֶת־חֲלִצָת֑וֹ וְלֹֽא־אָבָ֣ה עֲשָׂהאֵ֔ל לָס֖וּר מֵאַחֲרָֽיו׃
2 Samuel 2:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:55 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.55/