2 Samuel 2:22 · JPS 1917

And Abner said again to Asahel: 'Turn thee aside from following me; wherefore should I smite thee to the ground? how then should I hold up my face to Joab thy brother?'

Who acts: Abner, I · What happens: say, turn, follow, smite, hold up · To what, where: Asahel, thee, me, face, Joab · Speech: someone speaks here

This is 2 Samuel 2:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abner, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 said	cc
2	Abner	Abner	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 said	nsubj
3	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	again	again	ADV	_	3 said	advmod
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 Asahel	case
6	Asahel	Asahel	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 said	obl
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 Turn	punct
8	'	'	PUNCT	_	9 Turn	punct
9	Turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 said	ccomp
10	thee	thou	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	9 Turn	obj
11	aside	aside	ADV	_	9 Turn	advmod
12	from	from	ADP	_	13 following	mark
13	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 Turn	advcl
14	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 following	obj
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 smite	punct
16	wherefore	wherefore	ADV	PronType=Int	19 smite	advmod
17	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 smite	aux
18	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	19 smite	nsubj
19	smite	smite	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 said	parataxis
20	thee	thou	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	19 smite	obj
21	to	to	ADP	_	23 ground	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 ground	det
23	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 smite	obl
24	?	?	PUNCT	_	19 smite	punct
25	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	26 then	advmod
26	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	29 hold	advmod
27	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	29 hold	aux
28	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	29 hold	nsubj
29	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 said	parataxis
30	up	up	ADP	_	29 hold	compound:prt
31	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	32 face	nmod:poss
32	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 hold	obj
33	to	to	ADP	_	34 Joab	case
34	Joab	Joab	PROPN	Number=Sing	29 hold	obl
35	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	36 brother	nmod:poss
36	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 Joab	appos
37	?	?	PUNCT	_	29 hold	punct
38	'	'	PUNCT	_	3 said	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: request
voice: character
polarity: none
indirect: yes
teacher: changed act=request

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	Abner		Asahel	again		vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to asahel=Experiencer clause=Topic
2	turn	infinitive		thee			aside property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent thou=Theme
3	follow	gerund		me				vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme
4	smite	should	I	thee			to the ground result; wherefore property	vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent thou=Patient to ground=Result
5	hold up	should	I	my face	Joab	then		vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot face=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַיֹּ֧סֶף ע֣וֹד אַבְנֵ֗ר לֵאמֹר֙ אֶל־עֲשָׂהאֵ֔ל ס֥וּר לְךָ֖ מֵאַֽחֲרָ֑י לָ֤מָּה אַכֶּ֙כָּה֙ אַ֔רְצָה וְאֵיךְ֙ אֶשָּׂ֣א פָנַ֔י אֶל־יוֹאָ֖ב אָחִֽיךָ׃

2 Samuel 2:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:56 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.56/