2 Samuel 2:30 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: Joab, Abner · What happens: return, follow, gather, lack · To what, where: Abner, people, nineteen men

This is 2 Samuel 2:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joab, Abner — and what happens in the verse to Abner, people, nineteen men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְיוֹאָ֗ב שָׁ֚ב מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֔ר וַיִּקְבֹּ֖ץ אֶת־כָּל־הָעָ֑ם וַיִּפָּ֨קְד֜וּ מֵעַבְדֵ֥י דָוִ֛ד תִּשְׁעָֽה־עָשָׂ֥ר אִ֖ישׁ וַעֲשָׂה־אֵֽלעֲשָׂה־אֵֽל׃

And Joab returned from following Abner; and when he had gathered all the people together, there lacked of David's servants nineteen men and Asahel.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 שָׁ֚ב	cc	and
2	יוֹאָ֗ב	יוֹאָב	PROPN	_	3 שָׁ֚ב	nsubj	Joab
3	שָׁ֚ב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he returned
4	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	6 אַבְנֵ֔ר	case	from
5	אַחֲרֵ֣י	אַחַר	ADP	_	6 אַבְנֵ֔ר	case	after
6	אַבְנֵ֔ר	אַבְנֵר	PROPN	_	3 שָׁ֚ב	obl	Abner
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יִּקְבֹּ֖ץ	cc	and
8	יִּקְבֹּ֖ץ	קָבַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 שָׁ֚ב	conj	he gathered
9	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	10 כָּל־	case	(et)
10	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יִּקְבֹּ֖ץ	obj	all
11	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 עָ֑ם	det	the
12	עָ֑ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 כָּל־	compound:smixut	people
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יִּפָּ֨קְד֜וּ	cc	and
14	יִּפָּ֨קְד֜וּ	פָּקַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 שָׁ֚ב	conj	they were missed
15	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	16 עַבְדֵ֥י	case	of
16	עַבְדֵ֥י	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 יִּפָּ֨קְד֜וּ	obl	the servants
17	דָוִ֛ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	16 עַבְדֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of David
18	תִּשְׁעָֽה־	תֵּשַׁע	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 אִ֖ישׁ	nummod	nine-
19	עָשָׂ֥ר	עָשָׂר	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 תִּשְׁעָֽה־	flat	teen
20	אִ֖ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 יִּפָּ֨קְד֜וּ	nsubj	man
21	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 עֲשָׂה־אֵֽל	cc	and
22	עֲשָׂה־אֵֽל	עֲשָׂהאֵל	PROPN	_	20 אִ֖ישׁ	conj	Asahel
23	עֲשָׂה־אֵֽל	אֵל	PROPN	_	20 אִ֖ישׁ	conj	Asahel
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 עֲשָׂה־אֵֽל	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שָׁב he returned	qatal · qal	יוֹאָב Joab
יִּקְבֹּץ he gathered	wayyiqtol · qal	יוֹאָב Joab	עָם people
יִּפָּקְדוּ they were missed	wayyiqtol · niphal		אִישׁ man + עֲשָׂה־אֵֽל Asahel

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְיוֹאָב תַּב מִבָּתַר אַבְנֵר וּכְנַשׁ יַת כָּל עַמָא וּשְׁגוֹ מֵעַבְדֵי דָוִד תִּשְׁעַת עֲסַר גַבְרָא וַעֲשָׂהאֵל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Joab returned from following Abner; and when he had gathered all the people together, there lacked of David's servants nineteen men and Asahel.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:56.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.30/