2 Samuel 2:29 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: Abner, Joab · What happens: go, pass, come · To what, where: Arabah, Jordan, Bithron, Mahanaim

This is 2 Samuel 2:29 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abner, Joab — and what happens in the verse to Arabah, Jordan, Bithron, Mahanaim, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאַבְנֵ֣ר וַֽאֲנָשָׁ֗יו הָֽלְכוּ֙ בָּֽעֲרָבָ֔ה כֹּ֖ל הַלַּ֣יְלָה הַה֑וּא וַיַּעַבְר֣וּ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ כָּל־הַבִּתְר֔וֹן וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ מַחֲנָֽיִם׃

And Abner and his men went all that night through the Arabah; and they passed over the Jordan, and went through all Bithron, and came to Mahanaim.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 הָֽלְכוּ֙	cc	and
2	אַבְנֵ֣ר	אַבְנֵר	PROPN	_	6 הָֽלְכוּ֙	nsubj	Abner
3	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 אֲנָשָׁ֗י	cc	and
4	אֲנָשָׁ֗י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 אַבְנֵ֣ר	conj	men
5	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 אֲנָשָׁ֗י	nmod:poss	his
6	הָֽלְכוּ֙	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they went
7	בָּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 עֲרָבָ֔ה	case	in
8	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 עֲרָבָ֔ה	det	the
9	עֲרָבָ֔ה	עֲרָבָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	6 הָֽלְכוּ֙	obl	Arabah
10	כֹּ֖ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 הָֽלְכוּ֙	obl	all
11	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 לַּ֣יְלָה	det	the
12	לַּ֣יְלָה	לַיְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 כֹּ֖ל	compound:smixut	night
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 ה֑וּא	det	(the)
14	ה֑וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 לַּ֣יְלָה	det	that
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יַּעַבְר֣וּ	cc	and
16	יַּעַבְר֣וּ	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	6 הָֽלְכוּ֙	conj	they passed over
17	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	19 יַּרְדֵּ֗ן	case	(et)
18	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 יַּרְדֵּ֗ן	det	the
19	יַּרְדֵּ֗ן	יַרְדֵּן	PROPN	_	16 יַּעַבְר֣וּ	obl	Jordan
20	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יֵּֽלְכוּ֙	cc	and
21	יֵּֽלְכוּ֙	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	6 הָֽלְכוּ֙	conj	they went
22	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יֵּֽלְכוּ֙	obl	all
23	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 בִּתְר֔וֹן	det	(the)
24	בִּתְר֔וֹן	בִּתְרוֹן	PROPN	_	22 כָּל־	compound:smixut	Bitron
25	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 יָּבֹ֖אוּ	cc	and
26	יָּבֹ֖אוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	6 הָֽלְכוּ֙	conj	they came
27	מַחֲנָֽיִם	מַחֲנַיִם	PROPN	_	26 יָּבֹ֖אוּ	obl	Mahanaim
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 מַחֲנָֽיִם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
הָֽלְכוּ they went	qatal · qal	אַבְנֵר Abner + אֲנָשָׁי men
יַּעַבְרוּ they passed over	wayyiqtol · qal	אַבְנֵר Abner + אֲנָשָׁי men
יֵּֽלְכוּ they went	wayyiqtol · qal	אַבְנֵר Abner + אֲנָשָׁי men
יָּבֹאוּ they came	wayyiqtol · qal	אַבְנֵר Abner + אֲנָשָׁי men

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאַבְנֵר וְגַבְרוֹהִי הֲלִיכוּ בְּמֵישְׁרָא כָּל לֵילְיָא הַהוּא וַעֲבָרוּ יַת יַרְדְנָא וַאֲזַלוּ כָּל בִּתְרוֹן וַאֲתוֹ לְמַחֲנָיִם:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Abner and his men went all that night through the Arabah; and they passed over the Jordan, and went through all Bithron, and came to Mahanaim.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:55.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.29/